The Open File - How Good Is a Master?

Submitted by NM Zug on Tue, 07/07/2009 at 5:52am.

The Open File

by Life Master Mike Petersen (Zug)

How Good Is a Master?

Just how good is a chess master, anyway?  How much better is he than the "ordinary" player?  Oh, sure, you know he can beat the pants off you any time he wants, but how did he get so good?  Well, the question can be answered, but involves the use of a little mathematics.  So for those of you who hate numbers, I apologize in advance.

In the US, all competitive chess players receive a 4-digit numerical rating which is based upon their results in sanctioned tournament and/or match play.  The system used is mathematically sound and exceedingly accurate in predicting a player's performance over an extended period of time.  Game for game, of course, anything can, and usually does, happen.  An example will help explain. Say player A is facing player B and both are rated at 1500, which is just about the average rating of all players in the U.S.  The winner's rating will increase by approximately 16 points while the loser's will decrease by the same amount.  A draw incurs no change in either player's rating.  If, however, A is rated higher than B, then a handicap comes into effect roughly equal to 4% of the difference in their ratings.  This handicap goes to the lower rated player and is added to the 16 point gain (or loss) he incurs.  Say A is rated 1600 and B is 1500.  If A wins, he receives 12 points while B loses 12.  If B wins, he receives 20 points while A loses 20.  If the game is drawn, A loses 4 while B gains 4.  So, as you can see, if a player wishes to increase his rating, he must not only beat the players lower than he, but also at least draw with the higher rated players.  Losses do nothing but drop him back, like the frog trying to jump out of the well: he leaps up two feet, but falls back three.

Even the best ordinary player - and by ordinary I mean one who does not play in a chess club or tournaments - would emerge from his first competition with a rating somewhere around the 1200 to 1400 mark.  So, where does the master stand in all this?  Ratings in the US are divided into several classes which are listed below:

2200 and up: Master
2000 - 2199:  Expert
1800 - 1999:  Class A
1600 - 1799:  Class B
1400 - 1599:  Class C
1200 - 1399:  Class D
Below 1200:  Class E

It is easy to see that the difference between the "ordinary" player and the master is about 800 to 1000 points.  This is roughly equivalent to winning 60 games in a row against players whose ratings, game for game, were the equal of your own.

So what does all this mean to Mr. Ordinary Player?  Well, I am a Master, rated over 2200.  My first tournament was in 1970 and I achieved a Master rating in 1980.  So, how much better is a Master than an ordinary player?  Well, judging by myself, I'd say about ten years.

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Comments:

by thendricks - 3 months ago
Northwest United States
Member Since: Jul 2009
Member Points: 49

This goes with several recent articles I have read. Looks like practice and study continue to be the road to master .....

by NM Zug - 4 months ago
Central Florida United States
Member Since: Feb 2008
Member Points: 759

I didn't start playing tournament chess until I was 20 years old, so there is no answer to your question along these lines.  However, each individual is unique, so how soon you attain your goal depends entirely upon you.

Regards, Zug

by Eiwob - 4 months ago
Norway
Member Since: Aug 2008
Member Points: 454

What was your rating when you were 16-17 years? I'm asking because that is my age now, and I wonder how hard it will be for me to become a master.

by Archaic71 - 4 months ago
Texas United States
Member Since: Nov 2008
Member Points: 158

There is also a bit of a regional bias in ratings.  If (like me) you live in a fairly rural area and play mostly local competition, you will achieve victorys over similarly rated players and maybe start thinking you are pretty good. 

Let me tell you, the difference between a 1600 player from Shreveport LA or Tyler TX and a 1600 rated player from NYC or Washington DC is HUGE.  Somebody that is able to consistantly play class B chess at the Manhatten Chess Club would be a 2000 player against the competition in most rural clubs.  Thats not saying there are not some seriously good players in the boonies, but I would be pretty curious to see a breakdown of games between rural masters vs urban masters.

by NM Zug - 4 months ago
Central Florida United States
Member Since: Feb 2008
Member Points: 759

To mburl...

The 2600 player makes his living at the game.  It's as simple as that.

by mburl - 4 months ago
Burlington Canada
Member Since: Mar 2009
Member Points: 13

The gap between an 1800 and 2200 player is massive. Is the gap between 2200 and 2600 as huge and if so, what does a 2600 do differently?  Thanks.

by aeroz - 4 months ago
Naples, Florida United States
Member Since: Jan 2009
Member Points: 60

thank you for sharing your thoughts about this :)

by NM Zug - 4 months ago
Central Florida United States
Member Since: Feb 2008
Member Points: 759

To Feynman:

After attaining a Master rating for the first time, the USCF does indeed send a certificate.  In addition, once an individual attains Life Master status, a certificate is sent for that as well.  I also think they send a certificate once someone attains Senior Master status (2400 rating.)

Hope this answers your question.

by Feynman - 4 months ago
United States
Member Since: Oct 2008
Member Points: 70

Do people get 'Master Certificate' from USCF after they cross 2200 rating? or is that a myth propagated by the movie 'Searching for Bobby Fischer'?

by anuj_manerikar - 4 months ago
Pune India
Member Since: Dec 2008
Member Points: 199

i am 1537

by Dakota_Clark - 4 months ago
Chicago United States
Member Since: Mar 2009
Member Points: 561

@mathijs, if it were so unfortunate that your present rating did fall back below 2200 from a few nasty games, I still believe that title is held as a milestone to you.

by NM Zug - 4 months ago
Central Florida United States
Member Since: Feb 2008
Member Points: 759

To BaronDerKitt:

Thanks for the compliment!

To answer your question, it is 300 games as a rated Master, not necessarily consecutive.  Say you are 2200+ for 150 games, drop below it for 10 games, then rise above Master again for another 150 games.  This would come to 300 for the Life Master title.  As for myself, I maintained my Master rating for the entire 300 games.

by BaronDerKilt - 4 months ago
East of Omaha United States
Member Since: Feb 2008
Member Points: 434

ZUG ...Your "60" wins point is great. I believe few players understand that, upon  starting Chess and stating the goal of making Master. What I've seen bears it out. At times we see a Master struggling in inferior game vs an "A" player ... yet plays on, Perhaps refusing a draw offer. Then goes on to win. Because they Have To. (And the "theory" saying players below Expert will lacking in some part of their Game ... so must be tested thruout to find it. Often being the Endgame.) 

I know two players who made Master in Postal Chess (ELO ratings). Player-A was about 68W-2L-6Draws vs opponents rated 1750 to 2050, & his own 2214.

Player-B was 72W-1L-5Draws vs below 2000 players, and rated about 2280.

Both did meet players over Expert/Master as well during that climb; the thing is, while both went higher still when restricting competition to Master/Expert events ... such records are apparently Not uncommon for Master players to have. From what I heard from asking about it after noting these two. You must "feed upon" Class players, since ELO demands it, if playing in Swiss/Open events.

Congratulations on your Life Master attainment~! I do have a Question, if I may. I can see it would be difficult either way; but isn't that 300 games above 2200 without falling below it? Or can the total continue to add to where it let off, if you were to dip below 2200 then regain it for the remainder of 300?  Thanks much. Regards, Craig A.C.

PS// IF anyone out there Really Wants Expert or Master, I will tell you this. I made Expert in OTB. Took me 15 years. (Mike ~ZUG~ did his Master Very Fast!) But I started out rated 777~!(So if you are 778 now; well you have a headstart!) 

   And went over Master in Postal Chess in a handful of organizations. During the process got to meet many fine people during tournaments. Including games with Organizers, Directors, Champions of the USA, of Region 7, Champs of several Postal Orgs, a couple GM's & WGM, even two players who were in the WC cycle for Postal play. And of course a bright 9 year old who thrashed me once. (Glad I was 12 then!~ since then, no child under 13 has thrashed me Laughing) Amazed to have played over 300 tourneys in the first half of the 1990's. And over 5000 hours of play + study time devoted overall.

So don't get the Wrong Message here. It is Not "I am great player". Quite the opposite, I was attracted to Chess by having little natural talent for it. The message IS: "There is no reason You cannot take your own amazing journey in Chess, if you care to, and meet some fantastic players too." 1,2,3... Work, Play, Study. Repeat 123, Repeat, Repeat, Repeat . . .  }8-)

by NM Zug - 4 months ago
Central Florida United States
Member Since: Feb 2008
Member Points: 759

To Gsak:

Fixed, and thanks!

by Gsak - 4 months ago
Calgary, Alberta Canada
Member Since: Jun 2008
Member Points: 14

Class B: 1600-1899 or is 1600-1799 that one is offSealed

by NM Zug - 4 months ago
Central Florida United States
Member Since: Feb 2008
Member Points: 759

To danielsun:

Lowest rating I ever saw was around 100 or so.  I think if it gets below that they just don't publish it.

by danielsun - 4 months ago
saint louis United States
Member Since: Oct 2008
Member Points: 44

can a player have a negative rating if the well just keeps getting deeper then?

by NM Zug - 4 months ago
Central Florida United States
Member Since: Feb 2008
Member Points: 759

To mathijs -

No, the US Master rating is a title based upon rating alone.  If you drop below 2200, you are no longer a Master.  However, there is a permanent title called "Life Master" that (at least in the past) was awarded once a player had completed 300 rated games with a Master rating.  I'm proud to say that I have earned that title, and am a recognized "Life Master" by the USCF.

by mathijs - 4 months ago
Utrecht Netherlands
Member Since: Jan 2008
Member Points: 697

Just wondering, is Master (and Expert for that matter) a title you get for life (like IM and GM) or is just a way to refer to someone's rating.

 

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