Origin of Chess

1. The origin of Chess
Chess appeared in India in the 6th century AD. Until now, people still do not know the exact date and who initiated this game, only knowing that this is a complex game in all aspects: the chessboard, the form of the pieces, especially the rules, style, direction, tactics and strategy. Therefore, Chess is not the product of one person but an intellectual game of a whole group of Eastern peoples. Over many generations, this game has developed into a sport that attracts millions of people to practice and compete as it is today. It can be said that Chess appeared due to the needs of human life to develop intelligence, practice thinking, calculation and to compete with each other in terms of reason, starting this match with many similar conditions, without random factors, in which the smarter person will win.

In India, this game was called “Chatugara” which means “4 members” corresponding to the four types of troops of the army at that time: Chariots, elephants, cavalry and army. Thus, it can be said that Chess was born with the formation and development of military art; the art of “Army arrangement” and “Army command”.

2. History of Chess Development in the World
From India, this game was transferred to Central Asia, in Arabia, it was called "Storang", then "Storang" followed the trade wars to Spain, Italy and spread throughout Europe.

In Europe, "Storang" was given a new name in each country such as: Schanh (Germany); Szchung (Poland), Chess (England), E chess (France) ...

At the end of the 15th century to the beginning of the 16th century, the rules of Chess began to be formed. In the 16th-17th centuries, chess schools began to appear with the main idea of ​​Tactical Coordination (Creating the dynamism of the chess pieces, beautiful combinations, many moves with unexpected effects, creating extremely lightning-fast checkmate situations ...).

In the 18th century, Chess went deep into Europe, when Paris became the center of Chess. During this period, A.Philiđô (1726 -1795), a French Chess player, introduced a new style of play to the public. The style of continuous positional play (Referring to the way of playing with Pawns, they are the soul of the game, only they can create an offensive or defensive position, their arrangement will decide the fate of the game.)

Also during this period, the champions of Nodom (Italy) Denrio, Posiani emerged, introducing an open and coordinated style of play, which was the main weapon of the match. The outstanding chess players of Nodom came to the conclusion: "The success of a game depends not only on attack and willpower but also on the endgame. Whoever plays more wisely will win".

The 19th century was a harmonious combination of tactical coordination and continuous positional play by famous athletes such as: Vimhem Xtaynic, Alexander Petrov, Mikhail Trigorin... and these are also the strong schools of modern Chess. During this period, Philip Xtamma went down in chess history as the one who researched and perfected the symbols on the chessboard (Rows, squares, columns)

In 1883, an English watchmaker named Uyxon invented a specialized clock for chess competitions.

In 1886, the first World Chess Championship was held, and it was not until 1927 that the Women's Championship was held

In 1924, the World Chess Federation was established in Paris, France (Féderation Internationale Des Echess - Abbreviated as FIDE).