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How to screen the game for possible draws?

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Bagramian

Hi folks,
it is no secret that in high-class games the weaker side often manages to make a draw from an inferior position. I never do. I guess there must be some well-established possibilities as to what one should actually look for in a botched game. Maybe some of you may enumerate some of the more likely ones (or refer me to another forum topic of the past with a similar contentCool).
Thanks you.

notmtwain
Bagramian wrote:
Hi folks,
it is no secret that in high-class games the weaker side often manages to make a draw from an inferior position. I never do. I guess there must be some well-established possibilities as to what one should actually look for in a botched game. Maybe some of you may enumerate some of the more likely ones (or refer me to another forum topic of the past with a similar content).
Thanks you.

There are only a few such possibilities:

  • Perpetual check
  • Stalemate
In timed games here, if one side runs out of time and doesn't have sufficient material to give mate (no matter how badly you would have played), then the game is also declared a draw. (King versus king, for example.)
 
Rujeboroduy

Repetition. When the winning side cannot find or choose the right strategy to attack - there is a good chance to force him to repetition.

Doirse

a third option is to try to force a materially-drawn position, like a drawn endgame (like rook vs minor piece), or an endgame with a fortress.

I'd first check for stalemates -- that just requires a quick scan of the board. If your pawns are locked up, and you can sac your pieces, and your king has no moves...you can usually see very fast if that is an option.

next I'd look for perpetual, but you usually find those by just calculating your normal lines.  you should be able to tell pretty fast if you can force perpetual (if you have no checks you have no perpetual!).

forcing a materially-drawn position is much harder as it requires knowledge of endgames and fortresses.  but you can go a long way with some basic endgame knowledge like the "wrong color bishop", and other basic piece relationships.  Here's a good list of some fortresses.  Learn these, and you have another drawing resource in your toolkit:  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fortress_(chess)

Bagramian

@Doire. Your list should be printed, framed and hung up on every beginner's wall. Methodical and comprehensive! Thanks a lot.