Louis Paulsen

Louis Paulsen (1833-1891) was a German chess Master. He was among the top five players in the world around the 1860's and 1870's. Paulsen put forward the idea that any brilliant attack would have failed against correct defense. His ideas were implemented by Steinitz,who declared that attack and defense have equal status, Aron Nimzovich listed Paulsen among his six greatest "purely defensive players".

Paulsen and Morphy were early masters of the game and the blindfold chess itself; they also had some type of chess rivalry, but Paulsen could never get pass Morphy. They faced each other in New York during the first American Chess Congress of 1857, Morphy defeated him 5-1 with two draws. Later in 1862, Paulsen challenged Anderssen for the world championship. The match resulted in a draw and Anderssen retained his title.

Below is a miniatura where Heiko Schneider falls victim of Paulsen's merciless attack.