The importance of castling

Hi guys, this is my first article for chess.com and I hope you will like it. (Also hope to read some comments or critics , thanks)
How many times have you heard a teacher or chess coach telling you to castle as soon as possible before starting an attack? I'm sure this is not the first time. But even though this is repeated several times, beginners and even masters seem to forget this simple rule and collapse in miniature games.
When the king stands in the center, he is exposed to an attack from the enemy's pieces and even if he survives the direct attack, he will find himself later trying to make defensive manueveres that aren't easy to realize. This is what happened in the next game. Black pieces kept their optimism for an early attack and forgot about their king stuck in the center.