Agh, so sorry I still haven't finished. I didn't realize it would take up so much time, and I've been busy with standardized testing lately... my life has recently been too busy for chess. 
Moscow: Blocking the Check with Nd7
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By the way, here's a very recent game. I'll analyze why black won below:
Kingscrusher provided a thorough analysis on youtube for this game, as well. He was first to annotate it, and his video inspired me to do the same in this forum. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H3ZU3z0Rvs4&feature=relmfu
Here's a relevant game, where white was able to win by going for a queenside attack instead:
For reference, the beautiful "Chess-boxing" Kasparov-Ivanchuk game in 1991. This is the main reason why players on the black side often avoid Nf6 lines! (P.S. You'll get the chess boxing joke after going through the game.)
In an attempt to generalize the significance of each move, as opposed to spitting out dozens of probably-useless variations, I will briefly summarize the content of this thread thus far.
First, all the pieces are kept on the board. This means more possibilities for each side. It looks sort of like Najdorf, except with a weird white bishop on b5. Black will lag in development, but has two choices for compensation.
1) Black can choose to force white to trade the bishop for a knight, thus giving black a bishop pair. White must then keep things relatively closed to emphasize the power of knights over bishops. This choice is taken by playing ...a6 at one point or another.
2) Black can choose to counterattack, and sucker punch white for overextending. In other words, black is trying to prove that white is uselessly banging his head against a wall, trying to crack it. White is trying to accurately bang his head against the wall, and crack it. 
This choice is picked by never playing ...a6, and doing things along the lines of ...Nf6 (inevitable development, anyway), with ...h6, ...g6, ...e6, ...e5, and even ...f6!? (to kick a bishop) as future options. ...g6 is the least forcing and often leads to a Maroczy Bind-like position (because a MB often is allowed when black doesn't actively counterattack right away). Note that c3 is an alternatie for white in ...g6 lines, aiming to blunt black's bishop and lead to games with emphasis on closed and positional play and fewer tactics. ...e6 usually shares the sharpness characteristic of many Open Sicilians. In such positions, white must aim to attack, attack, ATTACK! if he wants to milk his opening advantage. Lines with ...e5, ...h6 and ...f6!? are used to kick and explosively expand, an option that makes this opening extremely unique.
This choice is picked by never playing ...a6, and doing things along the lines of ...Nf6 (inevitable development, anyway), with ...h6, ...g6, ...e6, ...e5, and even ...f6!? (to kick a bishop) as future options. ...g6 is the least forcing and often leads to a Maroczy Bind-like position (because a MB often is allowed when black doesn't actively counterattack right away). Note that c3 is an alternatie for white in ...g6 lines, aiming to blunt black's bishop and lead to games with emphasis on closed and positional play and fewer tactics. ...e6 usually shares the sharpness characteristic of many Open Sicilians. In such positions, white must aim to attack, attack, ATTACK! if he wants to milk his opening advantage. Lines with ...e5, ...h6 and ...f6!? are used to kick and explosively expand, an option that makes this opening extremely unique.For the practical club player, preparation for 3. ...Nd7 should be very simple and easy: look through some games where black kicked white around with pawn pushes. When white tries too hard and overextends, black can deliver a winning suckerpunch with a properly-calculated counterattack. When white is too passive, black locks things up and draws. The benefit of playing white in such positions is that every move is critical for black because black is behind in development. Any slip-up by black can mean death, whereas a slip-up by white might just mean a draw.
Secondly, look at games where black played ...a6, and forced a bishop trade. Observe the techniques employed by white to lock things up and maximize the power of the knights and weaken black's bishop pair advantage.
When black chooses neither of these options, a Bb5 Sicilian player should be in his or her comfort zone, because resulting positions will overlap in terms of style with lines where black doesn't play 3. ...Nd7.
Very nice presentation on this line! Here is a fast play game:
Over the next days, I'll be updating this post several times. I do this to prevent my work from getting lost, but I appologize in advance for any cliffhangers in the meantime.
The first step to understanding an opening is by glancing through the move sequence. Go ahead, flip through them! It soon becomes clear why Palliser deemed black's move choice as "bold and dynamic": black's audacious third move keeps all the pieces on the board, and allows rapid development by white! Why in the world, then, would black inflict such troubles on himself?
1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 d6 3. Bb5+ Nd7
Palliser's explanation of the move is that the resulting positions are similar to those reached in the regular 'ol Open Sicilians, which the player of the black pieces was probably wanting to play in the first place. The pros who play this the most include: Viktor Bologan, Joe Gallagher, Farrukh Amonatov, Vladislav Nevednichy, and Evgeny Vorobiov.
4. d4
At the fourth move, white comes to a crossroad. 4. d4, as per the main line, thematically exchanges a central pawn for dynamic play through rapid development. The other option is 4. c3!? allowing white to play in the manner of the Ruy Lopez.
4. ...Ngf6
Attacking white's center while developing, this move is another move commonly seen in the Sicilian. However, black can transpose into Bxd7+ lines instead:
5. Nc3
Sacrificing with 5. O-O is also possible, since white gets lots of dynamism as compensation.
Example of accepting the sacrifice:
Declining the pawn after 5. O-O: