if you resigned with two people left chances are you came in 3rd at end of game and the two that were left scored enough points to pass you. That means you would be losing points for the 2 losses and gaining points for the 1 win. pending on there ranking I would think you would go down in ranking not up? hard to know for sure without seeing finish board screen shot
No rating on resignation?

I have come second once or twice and lost points ... I would guess it was because my rating was high enough among the four players that I needed to come first to avoid a decrease.

Just to be clear, I didn't get a rating change at all, twice, after ending in second place. So they were both 0 I guess?

i believe 2nd means you get +elo for beating 4th, +elo for beating 3rd, and -elo for losing to 1st. how much depends on players elo. so there are many cases that would make the total 0. if the winner has low elo, this is costly for 2nd. or if 3rd and 4th are very low elo you don't get much for beathing them
I've had two games now where I resigned when there were two players left (for score purposes) and I didn't get a rating increase. Could this be a bug or is there a new rule I don't know of?