King's pawn

The King's Pawn Game is any chess opening

starting with the move:

1. e4

White opens with the most popular of the

twenty possible opening moves. Although

effective in winning for White (54.25%), it is

not quite as successful as the four next

most common openings for White: 1.d4

(55.95%), 1.Nf3 (55.8%), 1.c4 (56.3%), and

1.g3 (55.8%).[1] Since nearly all openings

beginning 1.e4 have names of their own, the

term "King's Pawn Game", unlike Queen's

Pawn Game, is rarely used to describe the

opening of the game.

Advancing the king's pawn two squares is

highly useful because it occupies a center

square, attacks the center square d5, and

allows the development of White's king's

bishop and queen. Chess legend Bobby

Fischer said that the King's Pawn Game is

"Best by test."

King's Pawn Games are further classified by

whether Black responds with 1...e5 or not.

Openings beginning with 1.e4 e5 are called

Double King's Pawn Games (or Openings),

Symmetrical King's Pawn Games (or

Openings), or Open Games – these terms

are equivalent. Openings where Black

responds to 1.e4 with a move other than

1...e5 are called Asymmetrical King's Pawn

Games or Semi-Open Games.

The Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings (ECO)

classifies all King's Pawn Games into

volumes B or C: volume C if the game starts

with 1.e4 e6 (the French Defence) or 1.e4

e5; volume B if Black answers 1.e4 with any

other move. The rare instances where the

opening does not fall into a more specific

category than "King's Pawn Game" are

included in codes B00 (includes the

Nimzowitsch Defence and unusual moves

after 1.e4), C20 (includes Alapin's Opening

and unusual moves after 1.e4 e5), C40

(includes the Latvian Gambit and unusual

moves after 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3), and C50

(includes the Hungarian Defense, the Giuoco

Pianissimo, and unusual moves after 1.e4 e5

2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4).

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