3... d5 4. Qa4 f6 5. Bb5 Ne7 6. exd5 Qxd5 7. d4 and be worse on move 7. Now learn a better opening (like the Berlin-Vienna Hybrid)
I think the Ponziani is practically refuted by this line
It's tough to play as black has to prove the compensation but black is actually better despite being down 2 pieces. There are a lot of ways white can go horribly wrong as well.
The reason it works is because the move c3 fails to develop either the queenside or kingside so white is left really stuck and vulnerable to black's initiative. Basically none of white's pieces can move.
There are a lot of ways black can get an advantage against the Ponziani though. The line you showed is an easier way.
Not everyone knows the opening dude