I think the Italian game is better for beginners.
What are the best openings for black and white

Scotch > Italian > Ruy Lopez at lower levels. None of them are bad, but Scotch is by far the easiest due to how simple and aggressive it is, and a lot of players won't know how to face it, but even if they do, it's still a good opening.

Scotch > Italian > Ruy Lopez at lower levels. None of them are bad, but Scotch is by far the easiest due to how simple and aggressive it is, and a lot of players won't know how to face it, but even if they do, it's still a good opening.
ait thxx for the tips i will def try the scotch in multiple games and probably also try the italian and ruy lopez

Italian is better. @100CCLN, stick to one opening until you start significantly increasing your rating. Learn the major ideas in the opening.

Italian is better.
That's simply incorrect.
*Note that the most common variation above (3... Bc5) is the Giuoco Piano Game, and NOT the Italian Game, shown below
If you consider the Giuoco Piano Game to be a part of the Italian Game, White's worst variation of the Scotch outscores White in every variation of the Italian and Giuoco Piano Games except the Evans Gambit. If you don't, White's worst variation of the Scotch outscores White in every variation except for one (the one that leads to the Giuoco Piano), and even that variation has a <1% difference. The Scotch is also much better at lower levels due to how simple and aggressive it is. Scotch > Italian.

Italian is easier to play for beginners. You are looking at win rates for all players, not just beginners. You can get so many people off the Fried liver attack, and if they play into the Giuoco Piano, you can play the evans or other gambits. At low levels it is important to learn tactics and playing the Italian will help with that. I think you are thinking of the quiet Italians. That wasn't what I meant whatsoever.

Italian is easier to play for beginners.
++ Than the Scotch??? You know, the simplest opening in the book?
You are looking at win rates for all players, not just beginners.
++ True, but if you go to the Lichess database and search 1600 (the lowest average rating available, equivalent to ~1100/1200 on Chess.com) average rating in blitz, rapid, and classical, Scotch scores 2% higher win rate than the Italian, and 3% lower loss rate than the Italian, so that point still stands.
You can get so many people off the Fried liver attack, and if they play into the Giuoco Piano, you can play the Evans or other gambits.
++ I refuse to recommend gambits to players below 1100. It's a terrible way to teach beginners to play, and it won't help them in the long run. The Fried Liver stops working past 1000 anyways, so that isn't worth it, and if the Evans Gambit isn't accepted, Black scores better than White anyways.
At low levels it is important to learn tactics and playing the Italian will help with that.
++ It is important to learn tactics at lower levels. So don't recommend gambits. So will the Scotch, and it's simpler and easier while maintaining depth at higher levels.
I think you are thinking of the quiet Italians. That wasn't what I meant whatsoever.
++ Neither did I. The Italian is a worse opening in every way than the Scotch for lower rated players, and is a very very slightly worse opening than the Scotch for higher rated players.

Again, not teaching low level players gambits. The Fried Liver stops working super early on, you'll never be able to get it against anybody 1000+. Black can play the Polerio Variation, the Ulvestad Variation, or the Traxler Counterattack and be fine. Besides, the Scotch Gambit is essentially the same attack, except it's still viable at higher levels due to having playable variations for both sides. Again, Scotch is better at lower level while maintaining viability into higher levels.

Because nobody plays into it. If they don't play into it they have to lose a pawn. Also, because masters prefer Ruy Lopez

The Fried Love ris almost completely winning for white. Check analysis board. It's almost plus 2.
Any player playing Black with half a brain would never allow it!
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Nf6 4.Ng5?! d5! 5.exd5 Na5! (Equal at worst for Black!)

I like the Scandinavian for black against 1. e4. It doesn't have very much lines to memorize, and oftentimes people don't know how to respond to it. I also like the Vienna for white, for the same reasons.

ThrillerFan wrote:
The Fried Love ris almost completely winning for white. Check analysis board. It's almost plus 2.
Any player playing Black with half a brain would never allow it!
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Nf6 4.Ng5?! d5! 5.exd5 Na5! (Equal at worst for Black!)
Your suggested "line" is just losing for Black after 5.Bxf7+ Ke7 6.d4 (or even 6.d3).
Hi, i just started playing chess and im looking what the best kind of openings and tactics are for beginners around 350-400 elo. Anyone got tips?