IANAL, but I don't think you could patent it, though with his the patent system is today, maybe you could.
You would have copyright on the rules and could trademark the name and implementation.
Then, you could use that to go after people that try to implement an online version.
What I really want to know, since my variant of chess involves only the regular board and pieces, do you think it will be possible to limit the ability for people to program it? I mean I am taking something that already exists (chess) (albiet to a certain extent). Without giving anything away about what it is I intend to do. I want my version of chess to be somewhat of a monopoly - i'll let other sites mention it and stuff but I want to be the only live version. If anybody in here knows the laws concerning this it would be a big help.