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General endgame principles
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Dec 2, 2023
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#3
Rooks belong behind passed Pawns, whether friendly or enemy, not in front of them.
That way, the Rook's influence increases as the Pawn advances.
Dr Emanuel Lasker, the second World Chess Champion, described 'the three factors which give the endgame its specific character: the attacking power of the king, the passed pawn and zugzwang.'
After a massive exchange of pieces, the character of the game changes. The players become less expansive, no longer looking for pounds but contenting themselves with pennies. The goal becomes the amassing of small advantages.
Some important general principles can be formulated for the endgame:
1) Try to activate your king. Often the best place for the king is in the center, so that it can head for either the queenside or the kingside, wherever it is needed.
2) A sound pawn structure is very important in the endgame.
Try to acquire a passed pawn. It is often a decisive element in the endgame.
Support your passed pawn.
3) Provoke weaknesses in your opponent's position and attempt to exploit them.
4) Limit the activity of your opponent's pieces.
This strategy often brings your opponent into zugzwang.
5) Try to find the most active positions for your own pieces.
Coordinate your pieces and turn them into a unified whole.
6) Try to formulate a good plan and then carry it out. Systematically improve the positions of your own pieces and pawns or force those of your opponent into poorer positions.