How do I deal with the frustration and anger?

I can't really speak to the OP's experience, but I definitely relate to frustration in chess.
I find chess to be a humbling game. It hurts your pride when you lose because it is not a game of chance, the person with the best strategy and skill wins. Therefore its easy to see losing as 'I'm not as intelligent as I thought I was!' It's also interesting how, during the game itself it punishes pride.

For example, I have had countless games where the opponent has played a move that didn't make any sense to me, or that gave away a piece or pawn, and my mind immediately jumps to 'they are a poor player, time for me to DESTROY them!' and I almost inevitably get punished for this. Usually because I underestimate them so much that I become careless in my attack, and they often defend and counter much better than I presumed they would based on my arrogance.

For me at least, the frustration comes from my false assumption that I am actually better and more intelligent than I really am. People beat me a lot because I am really not that good at chess. I think having a humble mindset helps me. When pride takes over this is when I make stupid moves because I think I am being genius when actually I am useless. Presuming my opponent is liable to be better than me, helps me to slow down, and having a realistic estimation of my abilities helps me to not feel to sore about losing or resigning. I am mostly saying this to myself, so that it hopefully sticks in my head

From my experience chess only gets harder and more stressful as you get higher rated. Sub 1000 chess is much more fun as you can play dubious lines and can likely get away with them. Like playing Romantic Era chess - just don't analyse after the game as that 5 move checkmate you couldn't believe you found was actually -5 after you sacked the rook but he forgot bishops go backwards.

I don't really get angry or frustrated. Just irritated at myself but it's all a learning opportunity. It's not like I'm getting paid or anything so if you aren't trying to become World Champ one day don't be overly invested to the point you get heart palpitations.

and that is the trick, you think you are getting better and you think you will reach to 1500 as you did to 1100... hahahaha. No that is not gonna happen that way, and the fact is that probably you will take even another year and half to get that level, and even so you will not dominate it. Simple because as you climb abit more it gets heavier.

Some people are ofc more likely to play chess and to improve abit more easily, other requires to study a lot or to make so much puzzles or to spend money , but in common there is a factor, a point where chess players get stuck. It can be whatever elo you are , but after that point only thing you have to do is to study theory, practice puzzles, read if is possible, and to play every day or just wait time until your mind starts to adapt . In this case you got stuck on 1100-1200, other people got stuck on 1000, on 1300 on 1600 on 1800, 2000..etc. That is common. And there is no other way. So dont take it so seriously because then you will be a dumb more that you are becoming thinking like that. I think you also must to have other thing in your life to do also.

I see you closed your account, probably you just resigned and will not play anymore. By the way that is an advise , a fact for everybody.