how to make plan

i reached this postion after 10 moves, i analize this postion for atleast 10 min but i could not find any plan, i dont know how to make plans please any stronger player can help me or give som suggestion to make plans in this postion. or perhaps this postion is so dynamic that there is no real plan

You are down a piece and have nothing to show for it, I think in that Position your best plan would be to resign. Yes i think having a plan is very important and can make a big difference even for low rated players. I look at the Position and ask myself where my and my opponents strenghts and weaknesses lie. And create a plan of action according to that.

Pawns often dictate the plans.  Things like space, pieces, and king safety matter too, but the pawns are at least good place to start.  Pawn structure changes so slowly it sets the tone for the game.  In a position like the one posted black will be looking for center play, and pressuring white's d pawn by controlling d4 (preventing it from advancing) and attacking d3.  Ideally this pressure and black's extra space will mean black can keep improving his pieces while white stays relatively passive.  

You also have to take into account white's ideas when deciding what you'll be doing.  In positions like this white wants to play either f4 with kingside ideas (as in the game) or d4 (eliminating his weak pawn and freeing his pieces a bit).

In the specific position white has achieved a basic strategic aim and will have pressure on the kingside.  I really wouldn't want white to get to open both his bishop and rook with a move like fxe, so I'd check for tactics to try to keep things closed i.e. if I could get away with e4.  If white does open the position I'd want to finish development (get my rook and queen off the back rank and on active squares) and challenge or trade off his good attacking pieces (pretty much all his pieces are pointed at your king at the moment).

So just a quick example line, not trying to find the best moves, but exf Bxf Nd5 Bc1 h6 Nf3 Be6 and black has developed his light square bishop, chased the white knight away from his kingside blocking the rook, and blocked white's light square bishop's sight on your king.  Black could then consider e.g. Qd7 Rad8 finishing development and pressuring white's d pawn.

Once both sides finish development and it gets a little further into the game, then you may have to find more specific plans, but right now the plans are pretty general (at least from my POV).

Hmm...

I think in order to find good plans you have to know a lot of typical chess patterns, e.g. by reading chess books.

Since I'm not a good chess player, I can't tell you the right plan here. But I would think about whether opening the f-file for white might be dangerous. If yes, you could kick the knight back to f3 by h6, and then play e5. Although White would get rid of her weak pawn on d3.

Another idea is a6, with the idea to grab the bishop pair with Na5, and/or b5 and fianchettoing the bishop.

But as I've said: I am not sure what's really going on. Strong players, don't hesitate to share your knowledge... :)

http://www.chess.com/livechess/game?id=945828049

Interesting position.

Maybe exf4 and then Nh4.

If I were you in this position, I would focus on getting your remaining pieces out into play, but with a purpose. I noticed that white's queenside pieces seem to be awkwardly developed, and also that white's king is slightly exposed. Since I am an agressive player, I would probably play a6 and b5, attacking white's awkwardly placed pieces. I would follow that up with active development. Your pieces are on sucky squares atm, so I'd get them to better squares via the moves Bb7, Nd5, and prefferably trading off your somewhat clumsy bishop on e7.

I think once you reach a position like this where your pieces are on better squares, the ideas will come. 

fiveofswords u r right, this postion is not fixed and very open so i can not   make long terms plan beacuse there is no permanent weakness of opponent which should i attack, so i should just concentrating on simple basic moves(like pieace devlopment,exchanging his strong pieace,simplify postion etc)  and calculate them ( can say short term plan)

 so in closed (or fixed or static) position= long term plan,less tactics,fixed weknesses and strengthes,stratigical play,slow paced game,long game (generally decided in end game),calculation may long but easy because opponent have no too much moves

in open (or dynamic postion)=simple basic moves(short term plan),more tactics,no fixed weaknesses,tactical play,sharp game,calculation short but hard because we have to find out opponent best moves from many moves opponent have in a open postion if we not calculate correct move of oponent it may always chance of tactic

 so if u are  good in tactical play u should play an opening in which u get a open postion in middle game or if u are playing against a weaker player then also u should try to play open postion middle game beacuse open postion games are generally decisive                                                     and if u are  good in statergy play(postional play)i.e u are good in making long term plan, then u should play opening in which u get a closed position in middle game, if u are playing against stronger player u should always play closed postion because closed postion  have more draw chances because they generally decided in end game

Is this a currently active game?

See post #13

You first must ask a basic question == what is your focus on this game, to win or to learn.

Assuming this is a learning experience, forget about the material imbalance and formulate a plan that will extend your game productively.

1. Is your "plan" to hope that your opponent will make a blunder?  You keep playing until he makes a blunder.

2. Is your plan to find a tactical situation where you win material.  See comment #1.

3. The final plan is to gain positional advantages -- a real learning experience, especially for someone at your rating.  Again forget the material imbalance and learn how to use positional principles to your advantage. I suggest that you learn the techniques of positional play similar to tactical play.  An excellent book on the subject is Bronznik's "Techniques of Positional Play".

I have classified positional techniques into the following categories:

the knight (bishop) -- establishing an outpost, how to block knight free play

the rook pawns -- creating open files, creating passed pawns

pawn formation --  center play, Kside vs Qside, closed vs open structures

getting to a favorable end game 

piece development -- proper placement, development, when to exchange pieces and not to exchange

K safety, use of king in endgame

==>>In your current game, I would consider a plan of addressing possible king safety issues.  

thanks xplayerjx but i realy dont understand the concept of space , if i have space in queen side or in centre then also i can play king side by playing Bb7, and  queen in h1-a8 diganol, and may be knight also can help .    and what is weak diagonal, and why d pawn is backword beacuse c pawn is still there yet, and thanks again for ur explanation.

@XPLAYERJX: Where did you get that from, about the backward pawn? Some website? Do you have a link?

I actually liked what Willy Hendriks wrote about Silman's teaching approach. (Cf. http://www.amazon.com/Move-First-Think-Later-Improving/dp/9056913980/ref=pd_sxp_f_pt)

After playing a strong move, Silman invents a good narrative, claiming that this is way he came to his move. Well, if you really could find the best move just through deductive reasoning and going through an imbalances-checklist, everyone could become a master just by reading a book. I am not saying that Silman isn't a good read and that being aware of imbalaces isn't helpful, I just think it is overly optimistic to assume that you will play better chess by reading Silman.

But then again, I have to admit that there are examples of students who successfully implement Silman's method:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BQwEyr5qwws  :)

jenium,

youtube of the "backyard professor"  -- I am acquainted with this individual, and he has a very wide range of arcane subjects.  Not a particular authority in chess,  I would take his comments with caution.

FWIW, I find Silman's Chess Mentor lessons very helpful.

@cdowis:

Regarding the Backyard Prof.: I was just kidding. Apparantly, he doesn't know what he is talking about.

Oh, chess mentor is written by Silman? This explains the [somewhat weird] passage "This has become known as the Silman Pawn Pointing Theory". Apart from that it is a nice tool. No doubt.

Chess Mentor has several authors.  If you go to the course descrition list, it shows the author of each course.  One of the most useful for me is the Art of Exchanging Pieces.