Chess is not a simple game and takes a lot of work. I'm not sure looking for easy solutions to the game is very helpful if one wants to become a great player.
Is it impossible/possible to derive a formula or sets of formulas that lead to winning chess games?
The original question was about "a formula or sets of formulas". Why everybody is answering about algorithms, computer software etc?? Formula and algorithm are two different concepts. From Wikipedia: "In science, a formula is a concise way of expressing information symbolically, as in a mathematical or chemical formula. The informal use of the term formula in science refers to the general construct of a relationship between given quantities."
Formula needs an input and then gives an output. We are talking about chess algorithms because it needs an input (position) and gives an output (next move). Simple as that.
Formula having inputs/outputs doesn't mean that anything with inputs/outputs is a formula. That's basic logic. An algorithm is not a formula. Original question was about formula.
The original question was about "a formula or sets of formulas". Why everybody is answering about algorithms, computer software etc?? Formula and algorithm are two different concepts. From Wikipedia: "In science, a formula is a concise way of expressing information symbolically, as in a mathematical or chemical formula. The informal use of the term formula in science refers to the general construct of a relationship between given quantities."
Formula needs an input and then gives an output. We are talking about chess algorithms because it needs an input (position) and gives an output (next move). Simple as that.
Formula having inputs/outputs doesn't mean that anything with inputs/outputs is a formula. That's basic logic. An algorithm is not a formula. Original question was about formula.
Huh... if you want a formal discussion about that feel free to PM. I don't really think this thread is about that, honestly. It's just a casual conversation. But no, there's always a smart prick trying to outsmart everybody.
Just to clarify your original question in view of my recent disagreement with breakingbad12 - you mean formula in same meaning as used in science? Then Stockfish algorithm is not a formula. What do you think?

GM David Smerdon recently reviewed a book here that could be very close to what you (we) seek!
https://www.chess.com/blog/smurfo/the-secret-of-chess
http://www.secretofchess.com/pages/view-excerpts
BTW, a formula is an algorithm, null case, one step, and an algorithm, in a sense, is a generalization of a formula. LOL
That's a nice way to put it. Thank you.

Short answer: Chess is a draw, therefore it's impossible to find a forced win from the starting position.

I have read that there is now an engine which; given any first move, can beat Magnus Carlsen.
Please, show us where you read this! If it's a chess.com forum by an anonymous poster, it's worth precisely as much as the paper it's written on.

I'd bet money on Magnus being able to draw at least one out of every 20 games as White, even against a perfect machine.

There was one guy here a few years ago that posted a chessboard filled with mystical symbols and equations that were complete gibberish and totally undecipherable. The guy must have been either insane or on drugs, but the diagram was a hoot. If I could only find that thread again...
@winnersp. from what i remembered he actually challenged a CM here @streetfighter and drew or beat him. it didn't end well ... the former's account was closed for fairplay. the latter i believe took time out to write a book or something.

There was one guy here a few years ago that posted a chessboard filled with mystical symbols and equations that were complete gibberish and totally undecipherable. The guy must have been either insane or on drugs, but the diagram was a hoot. If I could only find that thread again...
@winnersp. from what i remembered he actually challenged a CM here @streetfighter and drew or beat him. it didn't end well ... the former's account was closed for fairplay. the latter i believe took time out to write a book or something.
https://www.chess.com/daily/game/48506085
There's also @chuzhakin

There was one guy here a few years ago that posted a chessboard filled with mystical symbols and equations that were complete gibberish and totally undecipherable. The guy must have been either insane or on drugs, but the diagram was a hoot. If I could only find that thread again...
@winnersp. from what i remembered he actually challenged a CM here @streetfighter and drew or beat him. it didn't end well ... the former's account was closed for fairplay. the latter i believe took time out to write a book or something.
Good find! Yeah, I figured the chances of his account still being open were pretty much nil, haha.
Chess doesn't have a forced win from move 1. If it did then it would be a rather useless game to play. White would always win.
So in short there is no formula or a set of moves to follow from move 1 that wud guarantee you a win.
The original question was about "a formula or sets of formulas". Why everybody is answering about algorithms, computer software etc?? Formula and algorithm are two different concepts. From Wikipedia: "In science, a formula is a concise way of expressing information symbolically, as in a mathematical or chemical formula. The informal use of the term formula in science refers to the general construct of a relationship between given quantities."
Formula needs an input and then gives an output. We are talking about chess algorithms because it needs an input (position) and gives an output (next move). Simple as that.