I think the system will tell you how much discount you will get. I renewed/Upgraded before the old subscription went sour and I got a reasonable discount.
If i upgrade to Platinum...

Based on my ex( upgraded from gold to platinum ):
Initially u pay ~48$ for Platinum/year.
After 4 months, your remaining credit will be 32$ (48$ - 4x4$ )
If you upgrade to Diamond annual( another one year from that date ) which costs ~96$, you'll have to pay $64 ( 96-32 )
Staff can corect me if am wrong.
for 1 year, and after 4 months for example i decide to upgrade to Diamond, what is the charge?