EndGame

hi, ;) here some things to know about the end of game.

ITS TAKEN FROM CHESSMASTER X AND THE GREAT J. SILMAN (his books are so great!!!!)

Firstly, some general rules applicable to many situations of endgame

-Centralization (great mobility of king, active king)
-aggressive rook position and also active
(own rook attack and ennemy rook defend,rook placed behind passed pawn)
-The rallying of all isolated detachments and general advance(King like to have personnal escort (pawns)
- materialization of files(take possession of rank and file by cleaning it)
- alwalys look for Zugzwang weapon
-control the opposition and critical square in pawn + king VS King ending
- be caution on pat in b or g passed pawn with ennemy king reached the corner
-place 2 bishop side to side if u want to control more square in 2 Bishops VS bishop + Knignt ending
-In Endgame with 1 knight VS 1 bishop u must place the own pawns on opposite colour of the ennemy bishop
-In and Rook VS pawn Endgame the pawn is falls if the ennemy king blocked him
-In Endgame with opposite colour bishop, having the innitiative is very important
-in a rook endgame is always a good idea to trap the ennemy king as far away as possible of the action

-In a Endgame with Rook VS 3 pawns, the side with the rook must try to put his king ahead of the pawns and attackink by the rook on the side or on the rear
-Rook + pawn Vs Rook endgame is often a draw : when pawn is blocked by ennemy king
-In a 2 pawns + rook VS rook endgame with united pawns will win except some blocked position

-when in a pawn + king VS king endgame u play the only king side and you r pushed away of the quennind square for the pawn always run the short side of the board

 1. Pawn + King VS King EndGame

opposition and critical square:

Here a general rule of this type of endgame for beginning:

-when in a pawn + king VS king endgame u play the only king side and your pushed away of the quenning square for the pawn always run the short side of the board

In the other hand, one of the most basic thing, but also one of the most important thing to know about endgame, is the concept of the opposition and also the rule of the critical squares.

Ok, i start with opposition; one thing i must said right now is that opposition will not be sufficient to win endgame but it will be very helpfull.

Firstly you must know that in the concept of the opposition, if is at white to moves, then we talk about opposition for the black (and vise versa)

 Now let's look a the differents kind of opposition

ok, this maybe seem a litle difficult to understand if it's your first time but i got some tricks for easiest your task:

For the distant and diagonal oposition: Whoever is to move, when is an odd number of squares between the two kings you does NOT have the oposition (and vise versa:if it have a even number..you GOT the opposition).

In  the case of the oblique opposition, it maybe seem more difficult but i have again a little trick for calculate this very quicly:

you will got the oblique opposition if you move into an imaginative corner of square or rectangle constiuted by your king in his new case, the ennemy king and finally the side of the board. And also, very important, the possession of any squares with the same color then the ennemy king square (in this same imaginative rectangle or square!!) will give you automatically the oblique opposition.  I hope that i'm enough simple...and clear , is not so easy with this explain. ;)  For a easier comprehension... just look back into the last exemple of the precedent diagrams i show you just before that.

 And now the critical squares:

the critical square are simply the square just in front of a passed pawn and also the two squares on each side of this same case.  so, in others words, its simply the 3 squares ahead, and the much closer, of a passed pawn and this for 1 or 2 rank ahead !! but 2max. except for the two last squares before the promotion, now this rule change for only 1 rank ahead the pawn.  Ok OK i think that a goodie diagram will clearifiyng ...

In this exemple you can see that if the King with the passed pawn control these critical squares in a pawn+king / king endgame, he will also control the result of the game the most of the time. Now let's see another little more elaborate and also a really good demonstration of this concept in action

That's enough for the opposition and critical squares.

Now it's time to talk about some key position that you usually must know the consequences in a pawn + King / King endgame. I think that the best way in this case it's to say nothing but just show you with also simple explication in my diagram note.  Here we go...

2.   Two pawns + King VS King EndGame:

- With a few exceptions 2 pawns + King VS Kings  is usually a win for the extra pawns side (simple win).

Let's see an examle for a highest appreciate of this particular type of endgame

 3. pawn + King VS pawn + King EndGame:

 - In this special case a draw may occur the most of the time but...

Here again let's overlook a new case with me:

 4. Rook + pawn + King VS Rook + King EndGame

Here many general rules that you should know with rook endgame

- Rook + pawn Vs Rook endgame is often a draw : when pawn is  simply blocked by ennemy king
- active rook are very important

- control of open file and semi-open file by the rook are important

-rook must be placed under the passed pawn for defend him and also for attacked him...!! The both. .... If you have another rook available for the defense of a passed pawn, place it on one of the two files just by the side of the file of the passed pawn imself.

-try to keep the ennemy king away from action with a rook by blocking a file between him and the action is often a really good idea

-Rook are often especialy effective on the 7 and 8 rank (deep in ennemy territory)

key : -In and Rook VS pawn Endgame the pawn is falls if the ennemy king blocked him

key: -In a Endgame with Rook VS 3 pawns, the side with the rook must try to put his king ahead of the pawns and attackink by the rook on the side or on the rear

-Rook + pawn Vs Rook endgame is often a draw : when pawn is blocked by ennemy king

-In a 2 pawns + rook VS rook endgame with united pawns will win except some blocked positions

..And now, complete this so important category with some instructive positions:

 5. Rook + two pawns + King VS Rook + pawn + King :

- A draw is normal when there is no passed pawn on the play

- UNITED (in contrary of disconnected pawn)is a key word in this special type of ending...espacially for the passed pawn!! (give good chance to win)!!!!

 -In a 2 pawns + rook VS rook endgame, with united pawns the side with the extra pawn will win except in some blocked position

 To illustrate this :  we will look at a game played in 1949 between Chekover-Kazakevich

6. Rook + pawn + King VS Rook + Pawn + King:

 - often it will be a draw, but the key here is if one pawn are most close to the promotion that his similar ennemy.

Just look in an example of this kind of endgame:

 7. Opposite colour Bishop Endgame :

 here a rule you should know about different colour bishop EndGame

- the main rule in this type of EndGame is that the side who have the initiative, in equal position, have a big advantage

- with equal position, a pawn down or up will result anyway often to a draw

-A material advantage of one pawn without any positionnal advantage will often give a draw result

- A material advantage of two unblocked pawns will often be winning

-1 key: create a pair of 2 mobiles, united, and passed pawns and play to try to force the opponen to give a piece for stop it.

-2 key: create double threats in both side of the chess board at same time ( in hope for separed passed pawn so strong then the opponen choose to sacrifice his bishop for stop it.

It's two very differents way to play it.. so choose the key that your prefer!!

8. Knight VS Bishop EndGame:

 - key: In Endgame with 1 knight VS 1 bishop u must place the own pawns on opposite colour of the ennemy bishop

 - Bishop are stronger in open position and Knight are stronger in closed position

- key: PLAY AGAINST THE ENNEMY MINOR PIECE TO ALLOW THE LESS OF TERRITORY AS POSSIBLE

9. Two minors pieces VS Two minors pieces:

- key: When you play two bishops against a Knight and a bishop : place 2 bishops side to side in endgame!!!!!.. if u want to control more squares in this kind of ending. 

- key: It Most favorable to have two bishops against bishop and knight than to have 1 bishop against 1 knight!!

 Let's see a diagram of two minors pieces endgame...

10. Queen endings : 

 - In Queen + pawn VS Queen endgame:  if the pawn is stopped by the ennemy king its a draw very often

That's it! i hope you had enjoy this ;)

Iknow the comment is ALOT late, but thanks alot for the help!

wat