Although I wouldn't play that variation against the Tarrasch, the reasoning behind 8.dc is simply negating the 7...Be7 move, similar to the logic behind ...dc in the Meran after Bd3 is played.
Tarrasch Defence question
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First things first; 4....Nf6 5.Bg5! is good for White putting immediate pressure on d5. This is why Black plays Nc6 before Nf6 and it's a good trick to remember.
The idea of dc5 is that since Black already moved the bishop he'll have to move it again after dxc5 losing a tempo. This is why in the mentioned Slav or queen's gambit White will play moves like Qc2 or Rc1 before moving the light squared bishop. White is trying to avoid something like 1.Bd3 dxc4 2.Bxc4 moving the bishop twice. It's the same here.
In these isolated pawn positions the side with the isolated pawn doesn't usually have a way to avoid this since they need to develop quickly.
With regards to the following move order, 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 c5 4.Nf3 Nf6 5. cd5 ed5 6. Bf4 Nc6 7. e3 Be7 8. dc5?
My question is what reason or benefits are there for white to play 8.dc5?
Chess 101 instructs player to capture towards the center. In this move order, white is capturing away from the center.