This happens:
"Why must I lose to this idiot?!"

Overconfidence, careless play, some physical factor such as lack of sleep, one gross blunder, thinking about something other that the game, etc. Finally, who said they didn't just get better than us?

psychology: If you are better rated, you might get sloppy if you play someone you should win against - and play moves you wouldn't play if you played against a stronger one..
or/and because you know you are better you may think you can win early my coming on too hard and by doing so given the opponent a lot of possible for a counter attack.
-the way I found out to play someone I should win against is to play as if the opponent was rated higher than me. there are no quick win. but sooner or later the player will lose a pawn and then another.

Well, like the diagram you posted, they make many blunders during the course of the game, and maybe their regular moves aren't so good either, then the curse of "the last mistake loses the game" thing, and you've lost. It can hurt to be better 39 out of 40 move and still lose

What really gets me is when they play a junk opening, and you prove it by getting a clear plus. I guess I'm more or less expecting to win at this point, and maybe I do over press then 10 moves later here's a counter attack and I'm looking at a worse position.
So maybe it is psychology and expecting them to roll over.

another reason you may play unsound cheap tricks against players you think you can win against. In the example black tried this trap which is unsound black uses the black knight twice. but even a bad player can have learned how to avoid this trap by taking the knight or castle. Black will be behind valuable tempi because white did not take the bait.

Afraid I don't quite get #4, shepi13...
I think my knight was on f3. I know there was a back rank threat because I moved the queen and actually got mated

Someone told me that Nimzovich lost that game to Samisch~! The author of the tough Samisch variations vs the King's Indian and the Nimzo-Indian; which still stand up today.
I wonder if this is the game. Of their 10 games in the d base, Nimzovich won the other 9 ~!
http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1007226

I have to take issue with the statement that an ounce of Oregano is worthless (?!)
Please don't invite me to your house for pizza or spaghetti if you're the cook.

Some people just sit there and block the position up, play really boring moves and wait for you to get frustrated and lash out, and then take advantage and mop you up. They do it on purpose, they are not playing for the draw, they are playing for the win by means of getting under your skin.
I had this done to me a couple of times last season by people rated 200pts below me but with more years experience, and clearly tuned into my emotions of frustration well enough to exploit them!
Solution is simple really. Don't get frustrated and try to force it. Just keep finding the best move. He's rated lower than you. He will make a mistake eventually.
While Nimzowitsch gained notoriety for this outburst, most of us can sympathize with the frustration. What are some reasons we lose to players who aren't as good as us?