The key to success in chess is a correct process of decision making during a game. In my search for a good book that teaches us this, i found the the book The Process of Decision Making in Chess by Philip Ochman the best book.
Based on this book i intend to provide a thinking algorithm which is very useful in slow chess and games with longer time controls.
Threat analysis
Checks
Captures
Pressure
Positional Evaluation
Space
Development
Quality of Pieces
Tactical Evaluation
Checks
Captures
Pressure
Building on this structure, we will learn how to fine-tune
the system for every position and for every playing level.
Having read this , you will acquire all the tools
needed to break down the complex (and often difficult!)
question of "what should I do in a given position?" into a
number of much easier and simple questions; Combining
the answers to these questions, you will come up with the
right plan and find the best moves in every situation.
Stage 1: Threats analysis
Before thinking of any plan for us in the position we must
make sure it's safe enough for us to proceed with our
agenda.
We are going to divide potential threats on our position into
two types- immediate and distant.
To find immediate threats, before we think of our own
move in a position where it's our turn to play, we will look
at what the opponent could do if the position didn't change.
In other words, we shall play in our mind a second move in
a row for the opponent, and if we find such a move that we
can't respond to successfully after it happens, in such a way
that our position doesn't become worse than the starting position
of the variation (in terms of space, development,
quality of pieces, material) - it would mean that that move
is a real threat to our position.
Since we found this threat in a position that didn't change
for us, where the opponent imaginably played a second
move in a row, now we can start thinking of solutions to
that threat- what to change in the position so that the opponent's
dangerous move will either be prevented or stop
being dangerous.
Of course, if we found that we have a good response for
every potential threat by the opponent, that doesn't make
our position worse than it was in the starting point of the
variation, it would mean that the discussed move isn't a
threat.
How to do it?
In a position where it's our turn to play, we will imagine a
second move in a row for the opponent, giving him another
move without changing our own position. We are going
to look at 4 different tactical motifs, from the most forcing
one down:
1. Checks- any move our opponent can play (as a
second move in a row) to create a check.
2. Captures- any move our opponent can play to capture
our material, pawns or pieces.
3. Pressure- any move by our opponent that attacks
our material- either pawns or pieces (and played by
his pawns or pieces).
4. Tension- a sub-criterion of pressure, any move by
the opponent that creates pressure and a mutual possibility
to capture. This move not only puts pressure
on the opponent's material, but now also what
moved to create this pressure is also under pressure.
Going by this order is important for two main reasons.
First- we learn more about the tactical nature of the position
from the most forcing lines. Second- being ok in the
most forcing line doesn't guarantee you're ok in the less.For each move in each type of tactical motif, once we
found a move for the opponent to fit into the definition of
that motif we will ask the question whether it's dangerous
for us or not. And again, if you can find a good response
to that move by showing the arising tactical variations and proving you're doing ok in all of them, it will mean the
move is not a threat.
Analyzing variations
When we analyze the arising tactical variations, we must
calculate them all the way to the end, starting with the
most forcing choices for us and the opponent. We must
cover all of the opponent's possible choices at each stage
he has them (for example- if the opponent has more than
one way to recapture).
We will continue calculating looking deep into the variation
until we reach the point of quiescence- the end of
the variation, where neither you nor the opponent has any
working tactical continuation.
The decision whether a move by the opponent is dangerous
for us or not should be done at the point of quiescence.
Only there we stop calculating and analyze the position,
looking at changes from the starting position for
both sides in space, development, quality of pieces and
material (same criteria as in positional evaluation, which
will be explained here later).
Any threats found should be kept in mind for the second
stage of our process of decision making, where we will
find solutions to those threats.
After this we must also consider the distant threats which involve opponents chances of play in the centre, kings side and queens side.
With this, we conclude the first stage of desicion making.
The rest will be covered in part 2 of the forum.
This material is entirely based upon the book and i strongly prefer using the book for better results.Practical use of this method will be used in vote chess games.
Thnx.