To name one, Capablanca's "Chess Fundamentals" may be a start. It's a really old book, so I think it is in the public domain... if so, a copy can probably found online.
Best books on analysis
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Check out McDonalds's "Art of Chess Planning" and "Art of Logical Thinking."
It's set up in a move-by-move analysis of master games a la chernev. McDonald focuses on potential plans that either player may take on, and explains how each move relates to the chosen plan or to the prophylaxis against the opponent's plan with perfect clarity and prose, with just enough analysis where necessary.
Aimed at 1000-1800 USCF most likely. I've read through "..Planning" and highly reccomend it: 5/5. I'm reading through "logical thinking" now, and am enjoying it thus far, but "Planning" is probably the better book, so i'd reccomend reading that one first.
I'd also reccomend Silman's literature, but I sometimes find myself asking "why not this move?" in those books, which is frustrating. They're very useful, but probably a hair over my rating level currently.
Finally I'd reccomend Weeremantry's "Best Lessons of a Chess Coach." Less emphasis on the openings than McDonald, but still VERY clear move-by-move analysis that truly makes master chess look simple.
Kotov's "Think Like a Grandmaster" is interesting, it deals largely with selection of candidate moves and how to analyse, rather than being primarily concerned with what you should be analysing - kind of "how to organise your thoughts during analysis" rather than "remember to think about outposts, weak squares, control of open files, piece activity, etc." A lot of it is quite advanced, but I saw it very cheap in a charity shop...
What are the best chess books solely on analysis and study of the game, particularly the middlegame but also openings and openings systems; books on the science of chess.
Thanks!