My advice is to plan. When you plan, try to rule out all the bad moves. Another way to do it, is to visualize a position you know you can reach in two or three moves, and plan from there. If you have trouble visualizing the squares that a certain piece covers, there is a useful exercise. Imagine a piece on a chess board, on any square, such as e4. Then try to find the other squares it covers from that square. Once you work it out, try another piece. Or move it to another square. After a while, this will become second nature, allowing you to focus on your plan, while still looking ahead as many moves as is necessary.
As for your problem about hanging pieces, try to think of alternative moves, that don't involve moving the piece, but still throw a spanner into the gears of your opponents plan. Yes, analysing master games is a very good way to help you see how to move all your pieces in harmony, instead of just the one.
Hey, this here is a question for some of the more experienced players (although all help is welcomed). What do you think is the best way to improve at chess besides playing? I have been playing competitively for about almost 3 years now, although I've been on and off a lot. I joined this place because I think correspondence games would be good for my time management (I tend to rush things in live games). I find that I'm in kind of a standstill improving, I am good at some parts but my calculating is not very good. I tend to forget where the pieces are after looking 4-5 moves ahead. One of my bigger problems is that I hang pieces sometimes because I am not good with my time and forget to look at the whole board. What I'm asking is, what is your secret? What are some good ways to analyse some master games or something? Thanks, I'm sure other players would find this helpful as well.