It's said Von Bardeleben did it to Steinitz, but probably it was a misunderstanding.
Resignation?

It has never happened to me in a live tournament. I've read chess books for 40 years and have always seen checkmate, drawn, or resigned. Never "black called white a dirty name, left the board and hid in the bathroom until time expired."
I mostly just play online and have never done tournaments. But I feel inpired. Can someone tell me the easiest (and cheapest) way to get in a tournament (preferably in the Northeastern US)? I want to be the first person to do this!!!
More seriously I've found people are more pleasant in correspondence style chess (or online as chess.com say, 1 move / 3 days). But I also screen for faster players most of the time.
Since I started playing online, I have noticed that it is more common for a beaten player to abandon the game rather than resign.
It has never happened to me in a live tournament. I've read chess books for 40 years and have always seen checkmate, drawn, or resigned. Never "black called white a dirty name, left the board and hid in the bathroom until time expired."
I think that the internet has something to do with it because all of the abandoned games are online. I doubt that the internet is the whole story because I suspect that many of my online opponents also play live tournament chess.
Maybe the level I play at? The last USCF rating I held was 1457 -- not so good-- but then again, the low rated players that I am accustomed to don't abandon live games either.
The reason I ask is because I just tried to play a game on another site where I go e4 and my opponent didn't move at all and stayed connected only to let time expire. Never happens over the board but happens all the time online.