Who Controls The Square?

     Let's say player 1 as white has a bishop pointing at the e4 square.  Player 2 as black has a pawn pointing at the e4 square. 
     These are the only two pieces currently pointing at that square.

Would you say:
A) e4 is neutral
B) e4 is controlled by white because the bishop is stronger than a pawn
C) e4 is controlled by black because the pawn is worth less than the bishop

C

C

I would say they both have control but the pawn has more control because it takes away that square from all the opponents pieces (unless they want to sacrifice it) while you may still place a knight or bishop on that square and still have it protected

This is kind of like absolute pins vs other pins.  If you pin a knight to the queen, the knight can still move (just at the cost of the queen) but if he can threaten mate then the knight will move.

If the knight were pinned against the king, then it can't legally move.

If a pawn protects e4 vs a bishop protects e4, then the player with the pawn usually has ownership of the square -- if there is a tactical reason that allows the other player to use e4 regardless, then it is not truly owned by the player with the pawn, just like in the first example where the knight is not truly pinned to the queen.

So in a text you may see that situation and the author may say, "gaining control of e4" but later you may see a tactical possibility that arises and the author may say "gains the use of e4 because if pawn takes e4, then _____"