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Arnor was founded in SA 3320 by @Samurai-kitora , the sister kingdom to the southern realm of Gondor founded by his sons. The history of the two kingdoms are intertwined; both kingdoms are known as the Realms of the Dรบnedain in Exile.
Before the foundation of Arnor there was already a sizable Nรบmenรณrean population living in Eriador, a result of the slow emigration of Nรบmenรณreans which had started under Tar-Aldarion. Before the arrival of the Dรบnedain, Arnor was home to Middle Men of Edain stock, and the early colonists soon interbred with the indigenous population. Arnor was originally favoured over the more southern regions (Gondor) because the Elves under Gil-galad lived nearby across the river Lhรปn. However, in later days after the Nรบmenรณreans fell under Sauron's shadow they settled more to the south. This led to a situation where @Samurai-kitora arrived in an area populated by people who, unlike the majority of Nรบmenรณreans, were mainly still friends with the Elves.