Deep Blue vs Garry Kasparov - Rematch of 1997
Hello Readers,
Today I'm presenting the awaited part -2 of the series - Deep Blue vs Garry Kasparov
Click the link below to read the first part of the series;
The much anticipated rematch of man vs. machine brought much excitement not only to chess fans but to the entire world. Could the Deep Blue team create a stronger machine in one year to take on the world's best chess player? Many were skeptical, but Deep Blue was out to prove the rapid progress of artificial intelligence.
Game 1
Kasparov was shocked at Deep Blue's play in this game. Move 44 in the first game is said to be the result of a computer "bug" when the machine could not figure out what move to play and simply collapsed.
The 1997 rematch began with a line of the Réti Opening which later developed into the King's Indian Attack. Kasparov won the game in 45 moves.
Click the link to view the game 1
https://www.chess.com/analysis/game/pgn/2RKzh17nCE/analysis
Game 2
Game number two of the 1997 match was the most controversial encounter of the match. After the loss, Kasparov made it known that he felt that the IBM team cheated by receiving outside information from a grandmaster starting with move 36.axb5! In a later interview in 2016, Kasparov said after much analysis and looking at both his own and the computers' play that he takes back his conclusions on what happened during this game.
The second game began with the Ruy Lopez opening, Smyslov Variation. Kasparov eventually resigned, although post-game analysis indicates that he could have held a draw in the final position. After this game Kasparov accused IBM of cheating, by alleging that a grandmaster (presumably a top rival) had been behind a certain move. The claim was repeated in the documentary Game Over: Kasparov and the Machine.
Deep Blue's first nine moves were from the opening book. The next moves were computed based on the extended book. After move 19. ... Nh4, the game was outside the extended book.
At the time it was reported that Kasparov missed the fact that after 45...Qe3 46.Qxd6 Re8, Black (Kasparov) can force a draw by perpetual check. His friends told him so the next morning.[41] They suggested 47.h4 h5!, a position after which the black queen can perpetually check White. This is possible as Deep Blue moved 44.Kf1 instead of an alternative move of its king. Regarding the end of game 2 and 44.Kf1 in particular, chess journalist Mig Greengard in the Game Over film states, "It turns out, that the position in, here at the end is actually a draw, and that, one of Deep Blue's final moves was a terrible error, because Deep Blue has two choices here. It can move its king here or move its king over here. It picked the wrong place to step." Another person in that film, four-time US champion Yasser Seirawan, then concludes that "The computer had left its king a little un-defended. And Garry could have threatened a perpetual check, not a win but a perpetual check."
The moves that surprised Kasparov enough to allege cheating were 36.axb5! axb5 37.Be4! after which Black is lost. A more materialistic machine could have won two pawns with 36.Qb6 Rd8 37.axb5 Rab8 38.Qxa6, but after 38...e4! Black would have acquired strong counterplay.[42] Deep Blue could have also won material with the move 37.Qb6. Kasparov and many others thought the move 37.Be4! ignored material gain by force and was too sophisticated for a computer, suggesting there had been some sort of human intervention during the game.
Click the link to view the game 2
https://www.chess.com/analysis/collection/deep-blue-vs-kasparov-1997-33txLLAea/4qr2YgBCnr/analysis
Game 3
After the fighting first two rounds, peace was restored, and game three was drawn. Deep Blue went again for the Alapin Sicilian that worked great in game one, but Kasparov kept the game under control, and the game was drawn in 39 moves.
Kasparov chose to employ the irregular 1.d3, the Mieses Opening. The game then transposed to a line of the English Opening. Kasparov believed that by playing an esoteric opening, the computer would get out of its opening book and play the opening worse than it would have done using the book. Despite this anti-computer tactic, the game was drawn.
Click the link to view game 3
https://www.chess.com/analysis/collection/deep-blue-vs-kasparov-1997-33txLLAea/3Z22qkV63Q/analysis
Game 4
This was another peaceful game that was drawn in 50 moves. The star move this game occurred when Kasparov sacrificed on move 42 to secure the draw.
The fourth game began with the initial moves defining the Caro–Kann Defence (1.e4 c6); however, the opening then transposed to the Pirc Defense. Kasparov got into time trouble late in the game. The sub-optimal moves he played in a hurry may have cost him victory. The game ended with a draw.
Click the link to view the game 4
https://www.chess.com/analysis/collection/deep-blue-vs-kasparov-1997-33txLLAea/3m1oJoUNNa/analysis
Game 5
Game five would be the game that the Deep Blue team would come to regret. Kasparov offered a draw on move 23 which the computer declined. Deep Blue's play after the draw offer steadily went downhill as Kasparov took over the initiative and never let up until the computer was forced to resign.
The fifth game of the rematch began identically with the first, with a line of the Réti Opening developing into the King's Indian Attack. As in the fourth game, Deep Blue played a brilliant endgame that secured a draw, when it was looking as if Kasparov would win. It was later discovered that Kasparov had a win beginning with 44.Rg7+
Click the link to view the game 5
https://www.chess.com/analysis/collection/deep-blue-vs-kasparov-1997-33txLLAea/mYPyDA8gN/analysis
Game 6
The final of the 1997 match of Kasparov vs. Deep Blue shocked Kasparov and the world. Deep Blue played a very aggressive sacrificing a knight on move eight! Kasparov never recovered from this stunning move and went down in flames in just 19 moves.
The final, deciding game of the rematch was a miniature, by far the shortest of any played during either match. Before the sixth game, the overall score was even: 2½–2½. As in game 4, Kasparov played the Caro–Kann Defence. Deep Blue made a knight sacrifice which wrecked Kasparov's defense and forced him to resign in less than twenty moves. As Kasparov later recounts, he chose to play a dubious opening in an effort to put Deep Blue out of its comfort zone. Although the knight sacrifice is a well-known refutation, Kasparov reasoned that an engine wouldn't play the move without a concrete gain.
Click the link to view game 6
https://www.chess.com/analysis/game/pgn/4QxjEHMb9x/analysis
The result of the rematch 1997
Thus, Deep Blue had won the rematch of 1997.
The third part of the series will be updated soon - The match that influenced a movie
Thank you readers.
