The rules of chess

How the Pieces Move

In chess, there are lots of different pieces, and they all move in different ways. 

•The pawn ♟ only moves forward 1 square every move. However, the pawn has lots of exceptions in the way that they move. For example, on their first move only, they have the option of moving 2 squares forwards.

•The rook ♜ can only move in straight lines as far as it likes, but it is not allowed to move in diagonal lines.

•The bishop ♝ is the complete opposite to the rook and can only move in diagonal lines as far as it likes, never straight.

•The knight ♞ can only move in L-shaped lines 3 squares up and 1square across. It is the only piece that can jump over other pieces. 

•The queen ♛ conbines the movements of the bishop and the rook and can move in whatever direction it likes, however far it likes.

•The king ♚ can move whatever direction it likes, but only one square foreward.

Pawn Exceptions

The pawn is the only piece that captures differently to how it moves.The pawn can only capture 1 square diagonal. En Passant is if, for white a pawn has reached the fifth rank or for black, the fourth then if the opponent moves a pawn 2 squares foreward it would be able to capture it like it had only moved 1 square. Pawn promoting is if the pawn has reached the edge of the board you can change the pawn into any other piece ( not including the king )!

Castling

You can castle if all the pieces between the king and the rook have moved and the king and the rook have not moved themselves yet, then, you get to move the rook and make it jump over the king all in 1 move!

Check and checkmate

Check is if the opponent has attacked your king with one of their pieces. There are 3 ways to get out of check and they are: blocking the check with one of your pieces, capturing the checking piece and moving the king out of check. When you can not do any of these 3 things, then your in checkmate ( game over ) !!

Stalemate

You are in stalemate if you can not make any move, but you are not in check.