Scholar's mate
The scholar's mate, also known as the 4-move checkmate, is a opening used to defeat beginners. You can shock your beginner friends by using this and defeating them quickly. However, this doesn't work on non-beginners and gets you in a bad position. White uses his light squared bishop and queen to target the weak f7 pawn, guarded only by the king. Although it can be achieved by different moves, this is the most popular way. This is an example of black not knowing how to defend against it.
I will now show you the correct way of defending it if you play e5, first against qh5.
Against qf3
Against bc4
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