Biography of the poet Abolghasem Ferdowsi
Biography of Abolghasem Ferdowsi
Abolghasem Ferdowsi Tusi, nicknamed Hakim Sokhan and Hakim Tous, the Iranian epic poet and poet of the Shahnameh, with world fame, saved Middle Persian literature from some destruction. It is said that he was a poet with a prosperous life in his youth, but he speaks of his empty hand at the age of sixty-five.
Abstract of Abolghasem Ferdowsi Biography:
Name: Abu al-Qasim Hassan Mansour bin Muhammad bin Ishaq Sharafshah Tusi
Surname: Ferdowsi
Birth: 329 AH
Place of birth: Baj village in Toos Khorasan
Title: Wise
Died: 416 AH
Ferdowsi Biography:
Who is Ferdowsi?
Abolghasem Ferdowsi Tusi (born 329 AH - died 416 AH), is an Iranian epic poet and composer of the Shahnameh, the national epic of Iran. Some people consider Ferdowsi to be the greatest Persian-speaking poet who is world famous. Ferdowsi is called Hakim Sokhan and Hakim Tus.
Abolghasem Ferdowsi, born in 319 in Khorasan, was a poet. His full name was Abolghasem Hassan Mansour bin Mohammad bin Ishaq Sharafshah and he was born in Baj village from the Tabaran Tus block during the Samanid dynasty. His father Abu Mansour was one of the great farmers of Khorasan and his mother Gardouyeh Zahra was the daughter of one of the princes of Mazandaran named Espahbodan, she also had three sisters.
He learned the basics of perfection and education from his father and in the schools of Baj and Tus houses, then he went to school in Tus to continue his education and from that time he became interested in reading historical stories. At school, he became a roommate and friend of a man named Muhammad ibn Hassan, who chose a precise name after becoming a poet, and they accompanied him for forty years.
Ferdowsi, Ferdowsi Biography
Introduction to Ferdowsi's biography
In 370 or 371, Ferdowsi began to organize the Shahnameh, and early in this work, he himself had considerable wealth and wealth, and some of the elders of Khorasan, who were interested in the ancient history of Iran, helped him. But over time and over the years, while Ferdowsi had written most of the Shahnameh, he became poor.
Ferdowsi's financial means enabled him to spend his adolescence and youth studying history and acquiring knowledge. The more Ferdowsi studied and studied the history of Iran, the more he became interested in ancient Iranian stories and legends; So much so that he decided to write a huge collection of Iranian mythological stories. Ferdowsi's childhood coincided with the Samanid dynasty, and the Samanid kings were very interested in Iranian literature.
Hakim Abolghasem Ferdowsi spent his early life learning the basics of science and literature, and from his youth he had a passion for poetry. From that time on, he worked hard to revive the heroes of the great heroes and kings of Iran, and this poetic nature and his passion and passion for reviving national heroes, led to the creation of a great masterpiece called "Shahnameh".
Ferdowsi is gentle and passionate in his speech. In the poetic work of Shahnameh, Ferdowsi's gentle nature and patriotic spirit can be seen. Hakim Toos loved Iran and the legend of its heroes. There is no satire, lies or flattery in his poems. Abolghasem Ferdowsi is an ethical and virtuous poet in Iranian epic literature. Shahnameh can also be called a unique epic work in Iranian verses.
Research on Ferdowsi, who is Ferdowsi
Research on Ferdowsi
Shahnameh is the most important work of Ferdowsi and one of the greatest works of ancient Persian literature. The first book of Persian prose to be published as an independent work was a prose Shahnameh.
Ferdowsi's Shahnameh, which has nearly fifty thousand verses, is a collection of national stories and the ancient history of the ancient kings of Iran and the great heroes of our land, which describes their heroic deeds along with conquest, victory, masculinity, courage and religiosity.
Hakim Abu al-Qasim Ferdowsi, after devoting all his time and effort to making such a precious work for thirty-five years, finally presented it to Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni, who had just come to the throne, perhaps from Sultan Mahmud Salah. And receive a reward and cause his own province.
Sultan Mahmud first promised to pay 60,000 dinars as a reward to Ferdowsi. But he returned shortly after his agreement and sent him only sixty thousand dirhams, one-tenth of the amount he had promised.
Hakim Abolghasem Ferdowsi was upset by this breach of the treaty of Sultan Mahmud and left Ghazni, which was the capital of the Ghaznavids, and spent some time traveling and then returned to his hometown. The reason for this breach of covenant was that Ferdowsi was a united man and adherent of the Shiite religion and in the Shahnameh in praise of God he wrote eloquent words, but Sultan Mahmud was a follower of the Sunni religion. They were composed by Sultan Mahmud.
This caused him not to be faithful to his pact, but a short time later Sultan Mahmud regretted what he had done and ordered that the same sixty thousand dinars be taken to Tus and given to Ferdowsi, but the Sultan's gift reached Tus one day when Ferdowsi was proud And he had said goodbye to the honor of mortal life and had died. It is interesting that the noble daughter of Hemmat Ferdowsi refused to accept the king's gift and sent it back, adding another honor to the honors of her noble father.
Abolghasem Ferdowsi, Biography of Ferdowsi
Shahnameh of Ferdowsi
The subject of Shahnameh stories
Shahnameh is a description of the situation, victories, defeats and heroism of the Iranians from the oldest period (the first king of the world Kiomers) to the overthrow of the Sassanid government at the hands of the Tazians (in the 7th century AD). Foreign conflicts of Iranians with Indians in the east, Turanians in the east and northeast, Romans in the west
And northwest and whip in the southwest. In addition to the historical course of the story, there are scattered independent stories in Shahnameh that are not directly related to the historical course.
Including: the story of Zal and Rudabeh, Rostam and Sohrab, Bijan and Manijeh, Bijan and Grazan, Karam Haftavad, and besides, some of these stories, especially like Rostam and Sohrab, are considered as masterpieces of world literature.
Where is Ferdowsi Tomb?
As we mentioned in the previous section, the exact time of the date of Ferdowsi's death is not known; But his death was at a difficult time and in financial turmoil. According to the narrations left by Nezami Ganjavi, Ferdowsi's death coincided with the decision of Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni to appease Ferdowsi and pay him a reward for composing the Shahnameh.
Ferdowsi died in 416 AH. Ferdowsi was not buried in Toos Cemetery; Because at that time the burial of Shiite Muslims in this cemetery was forbidden. Eventually, Ferdowsi was buried in his own courtyard, and one of the local rulers of Ghaznavids built a building on the site of Ferdowsi's tomb.
Over time, this tomb was destroyed, until the Pahlavi government, which during the years 1307 to 1313, by order of Reza Shah Pahlavi and by the Cultural Heritage Association, the building of Ferdowsi tomb was completely reconstructed. In 1313 and simultaneously with the Ferdowsi Hazara ritual, a new building of Ferdowsi Tomb was unveiled. In 1348, Houshang Seyhoun, a prominent Iranian architect, completed the design of the tomb and the current shape of Ferdowsi Tomb is the result of the design of Master Houshang Seyhoun.
Today, Ferdowsi Tomb is located 20 km northwest of Mashhad, on the way to Kalat Naderi, near the historical city of Tabaran and the historical tomb of Haruniyeh. Page village (Ferdowsi's birthplace) is known today as Faz village. Today, this village is located 28 km from his tomb.
On October 10, 2016, Mohammad Reza Shajarian, Khosrow Avaz Iran, was buried in the tomb of Ferdowsi.
Commemoration of Ferdowsi
In Iran, May 25 has been named as Ferdowsi Commemoration Day. Every year on this day, ceremonies commemorating Ferdowsi and Shahnameh are held in universities and research institutions.
Research on Ferdowsi, Ferdowsi Biography
Ferdowsi Tomb
Excerpts from Ferdowsi's poems
Beautiful couplets from Ferdowsi about science and knowledge
Be capable of being wise
It was the knowledge of Pir Borna
The first knowledge is God-oriented
Where is and is always in place
Thank you for knowing the knowledge of God
Cool wise man and theologian
Other than that, thank God
Was the knowledge of a benevolent man
To increase knowledge and to God-oriented
That he guides you
Ask a good man
Someone who is old and has bad old wisdom
Who is closer to God than us
That made him a narrower path
So he answered that he was knowledgeable
What do you want from God?
It is not a matter of the people
This is not knowledge to fight with you
The truth is Yazidi knowledge
Do not be afraid if you know; It is bad
******
If Iran is not my body
Be on this canvas and keep one person alive
If we kill head to head
To give the country to the enemy
******
You do not know that Iran is my meeting
The world is under my control
Iranians have art and that's it
They did not kiss the lion
They are all theologians
They are not afraid of good or bad
This is what the priest called a man
Rejoice over the enemy alive
If cultivation will take you days
What is better than death in the field
Let's all fight together
Let's narrow the world to bad thoughts
******
It came from both the horns and the horns
The air turned blue, the earth ebony
Chou shining electricity from the dark mag
Hemi lit a fire from a machete and a razor
The air turned red, black and purple
Enough spears and cheeks of the flag
From the song of the court and from the dark circle
The roar of cousins and battle horses
Split the mountain and the ground
Nobody saw Kane fighting like that
Chkachak came wand and razor and arrow
From the blood of Yalan Dasht became a water intake
The earth became the sea of bitumen
All its waves of daggers, maces and arrows
Choman shipwrecked on the water
They are drowning, you said acceleration
