How do I beat aggressive chess players who massacre my position at move 10?

They start with a scandinavian, bring their queen out early, then just start capturing my pieces

You move to fast.

You dont follow opening principles.

You blunder material.

You miss simple tactics.

There is nothing "aggressive" about what your opponent does. You give them free material, they take it.

those kinds of opponents usually hinder my development and force me to lose castling rights

Way to many pawn moves.

Didnt follow opening principles.

You left 8:19 on the clock in a G10.

Post #4 by @LieutenantFrankColumbo is helpful @microwavedbutter2398 but I'll add a few of my own comment to that analysis:

- 4...e6 I actually like this move. I may have played 4...Nf6, but ...e6 is good too. You deter the bishop on c4 from hitting f7 and it's more important you develop your f8 bishop (which ...e6 prepares) instead of your c8 bishop. Why? Because castling kingside has less pieces in the way and is typically safer. Development here means g8 developed (probably f6) and f8 developed (probably c5) and then castling without much delay.

- 5...g6?! Okay, I agree here. It's a classic case of one-move-itis. This pawn move does attack the queen, but I wouldn't say it is gaining a tempo because the queen wasn't particularly well placed on h5 anyway, so you are provoking it into moving to an improved square. If you wanted to kick the queen, then ...Nf6 was the superior way to do so.

- 6...b6?! One move threat like the last move. It's dangerous to keep advancing pawns like this because of square weaknesses. Here, a6, b7 and c6 are weak, but more on that later in addition to attacking the enemy queen.

- 7...b5? Objectively a mistake, but I don't hate this move. It's pretty obvious you saw it forked the queen and knight, so you played this to win material... you just forgot that Qxb5 was possible.

- 8...c6 is another weakening move by you when ...Bd7 at least helps you develop a piece. Pawn on c6 also blocks the natural developing square of the b8 knight.

The rest of the game was scattered blunders and less instructional. Be careful about hanging material and hopefully this helps you understand what was better meant by piece development. Now for the topics I mentioned.

The first video is when to attack the queen or not to (as you did with ...g6, ...b6 and other incorrect moves to attack the queen) and the second one is a helpful video elaborating more on square weaknesses and what makes ...g6 or ...b6 such weak plans in this game:

lol thanks, that was actually my games before i started studying tactics (thanks a lot for the help)

You won your last 6/7 rapid games - so you seem to have it figured out!

Once you fully learn how to parry early queen attacks (and overly aggressive players in general), you'll want to see them. Unfortunately, early queen attacks pretty much disappear when you reach 800, though overly aggressive players still appear occasionally.

Enjoy the free Elo while it lasts, my friend.