carlsen would have a good chance, he could get a good position out of the opening
Could Carlsen beat engine

Depends on the situation, including time limits and the position. For example, chess engines are notoriously bad in very closed positions with lots of manouvering.

Well, he's played his own smartphone chess app Play Magnus.

Both engines are above 3300. Carlsen is below 2900.
Both engines can see upwards of 20-30 moves ahead and calculate hundreds of thousands to millions of positions every second. Carlsen can maybe calculate 10 moves ahead and 3 moves every second.
Computers lack positional knowledge, yes, but what they lack in psitional knowledge thwey more than make up for in tectical ability. Time and time again matches between the strongest GMs and even average computers like fritz and rybka and the computers win convincingly every time. Did the Hikaru match vs. Stockfish not convince anybody? Hikaru had computer assistance or pawn odds and still lost the match 3-1. Carlsen could probably not even beat Rybka 4. He would get especially crushed by Stockfish 6, Komodo 4, or Houdini 4.

but all those examples the engines had opening books, if magnus could get a better position after 12 or 13 it should game on

Both engines are above 3300. Carlsen is below 2900.
This is incorrect, engine ratings are not FIDE ratings therefore they are not comparable.
Having said that, its unlikely that a human player can defeat a strong engine in a classical game. However in a correspondence game I expect most GMs could defeat an engine.

@mosey89 Yes you are right the engine ratings are not fide ratings but the player pool for engines is much stronger than humans so theoretically a fide rating for Stockfish or any other top engine would be even HIGHER than 3300!

@mosey89 I again agree that a GM should be able to beat a computer in correspondence but I don't really think that's what the OP was asking.

@mosey89 Yes you are right the engine ratings are not fide ratings but the player pool for engines is much stronger than humans so theoretically a fide rating for Stockfish or any other top engine would be even HIGHER than 3300!
Yeah...I guess it's all speculation really. I wouldn't mind seeing a classical tournament with an odd number of players where instead of a bye, a player would play an engine with a special bonus for a win or draw. The players would be given the exact program they would be playing against several months in advance. This might provide some more motivation for top players to develop strategies to play against engines. One big advantage that engines have over human players is that human players do not prepare for them like they would prepare for a human opponent because there is no motivation for them to do so.

Remember the format in which Nakamura and Naroditsky competed with an engine? Nakamura lost all games, but he had draws in 2 of them.
I think Carlsen would have a good chance.

if nakamura would of played against it without its opening book plus he started with a pawn up maybe he could won a couple

Stockfish 6 would thrash Carlsen.
the OP was asking about a stockfish with no opening book

My little droidfish engine finds mainlines with its book turned off.
The idea that comps can't play openings is pretty out dated. It's more sad that people hang onto that hope than it is computers crush us at chess.
Did any of you read about what stockfish did to Naka and his comp aid. It made 40-move plans. That is no opening book, no tablebase, just raw calculation.
Comps win, no big deal
Could carlsen beat a engine with NO opening book installed in it? (lets say a good engine like stockfish or komodo)