I guess we can always compare to what is the case. So if we know what having energy is, we can distinguish that from when there isn't energy (otherwise the term energy would be kind of pointless, if we just said there was energy no matter what we were looking at ). And then you would just do that with space, time, and so on. If saying something has space involves saying x, then just look at the situations where we wouldn't say x. I guess to make those claims would involve some sort of framework, but whatever he was talking about wouldn't be something that had matter, energy, space etc. I don't know though.
I agree. So I think his stressing of nothing being nothing at all, NO REALLY I MEAN NOTHING kind of talk was incorrect. He just meant devoid of things we commonly think of as fundamental elements of existence such as time and space.
"Not to mention Cantor's theory where there are exist infinite infinities, where one infinity is bigger than the other"
I've recently wondered about his theory a bit, and I find some things strange about it. He gives that example where there is always some number that can't be accounted for no matter what set you have, but I would think you could just have in that set a rule where your set keeps changing to accomodate for those new numbers (it's not like you would run out of room in doing so). Which is weird, but then again infinity is weird.