Answer : it depends of the position.
If you choose to castle kingside, your queenside attack will often be quicker than the attack of your opponent.
Strategy Question: Closed Structures and Castling
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Well... a lot depends on the specific position. It's not clear from the limited info in this scenario.
I will say that often, regardless of which side you castled on, "your side" is still your side. e.g. if a queenside attack was your idea before castling, it's still your main idea after 0-0-0. As for your opponent, if he has more space and pieces on one side, then, with good play, it should be nearly impossible to gain an advantage for yourself there (even if he castled on that side).
So you'd more likely 0-0-0 and push on the Q-side anyway (or just be passive). The risk of course is advancing pawns loosens your king... so you may end up wishing you'd 0-0 instead. Trying to play on your opponent's wing is often even worse than wasting time.
But depending on the other pieces maybe you do have a kingside attack. I think this would be the exception to the rule and involve a situation where black has left some holes on the knigside and your pieces can use them while his aren't very effective.
Envision the pawn structure where white has a pawn chain on d5 and e4 and black's pawns are fixed on e5 and d6.
So white's natural break is c5 and black's probably wants to play f5, f4 and then g5, g4, and so forth.
My question is how much would castling alter our plans here? I had one game with this pawn structure where black had castled early kingside and I hadn't castled yet. I sometimes feel a little hesitant castling kingside here because I feel like I'm playing into black's strategy perfectly.
So would castling queenside and launching a kingside offensive ever be feasible here or should we always be sticking to the c5 break? In short, how does castling and king positon affect strategy in these types of positions? Thanks.