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Understanding castling o-o/o-o-o
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The king is the strongest warrior amongst them all. Put to sword he should best them all (and nothing need be said of the wisdom swordplay entails). He is both leader and mentor. That's his job, role, and purpose. However, war is war, and even the masters perish, at times to even the slightest of tactics. The field bears no ill will but innumerable factors.
Unfortunately, the king cannot fall so easily, not without a ready heir, for who would fulfill his role. So usually the king would, regardless of his might and wit, withdraw from the battle field and entrust his plans to his most trusted warriors!
Castling
When the king is castled it signifies the king leaving the castle and being escorted by his personal guard to a place usually hidden underground, such as a tunnel of sorts.
Therefore, the current location of the king and the planned destination must not be jeopardized in any way before he traverses. It must be handled in stealth or it would simply defeat the purpose.
So, to o-o or o-o-o, the king must not be in check, and his intended destination as well as his path must not be under any threat.
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Ok, the king must not be defeated at the en-route square of d1 or f1.
But what happens if the rook travels en-route the b1/b8 square and "gets defeated" by the enemy forces at b1? What will happen to the king who was already in the midst of moving to c1 before realising that the rook was defeated? Wouldn't the king's extra unnecessary movements (because of a failed castling) alert the enemies?
If rooks not only represent the cannons but the walls of the castle themselves, as well as the common citizens, then the rooks on the a-file and h-files represent the castle's size and barriers altogether. In other words, they are the walls of the kingdom.
The king is the strongest warrior amongst them all. Put to sword he should best them all (and nothing need be said of the wisdom swordplay entails). He is both leader and mentor. That's his job, role, and purpose. However, war is war, and even the masters perish, at times to even the slightest of tactics. The field bears no ill will but innumerable factors.
Unfortunately, the king cannot fall so easily, not without a ready heir, for who would fulfill his role. So usually the king would, regardless of his might and wit, withdraw from the battle field and entrust his plans to his most trusted warriors!
Castling
When the king is castled it signifies the king leaving the castle and being escorted by his personal guard to a place usually hidden underground, such as a tunnel of sorts.
Therefore, the current location of the king and the planned destination must not be jeopardized in any way before he traverses. It must be handled in stealth or it would simply defeat the purpose.
So, to o-o or o-o-o, the king must not be in check, and his intended destination as well as his path must not be under any threat.
Lastly, the rooks must not have moved beforehand, nor the king for that matter, because that would mean that the king, as well as his guard, has already joined the battle and he can no longer so casually leave the grounds for the battle strategy now accounts for him.
*to castle kingside or queenside, the king always moves two squares at once. The leap is constant for both sides because war is a matter of time and not distance. So, the two square move represents time.