He refuses to
What if Magnus Carlsen plays Deep Blue?
Deep blue was dismantled soon after playing Kasparov.
Both Kasparov's style of chess (dynamic) and approach to the matches (playing openings he usually didn't) may have cost him some points, IMO it did. Even so, Deep Blue barely won after Kasparov threw away the last game in the opening falling into a known trap.
Already other players of his day may have been better suited to win such a match. Kasparov may have even been favored in a Deep Blue rematch. Chess computers weren't really better than humans for maybe 10 more years.
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All this to say, Carlsen would be favored in a Deep Blue match.
Carlsen would not win against Stockfish.
What I'm thinking is what if we used certain versions of chess engine software as a 'constant' to compare chess players over time?
This is an interesting idea, but isn't a completely objective measure. Engines play differently than humans. More than anything it would compare how well they play against engines.
The same sort of idea is when they analyzed the games of the world champions with the same engine. IIRC they showed Capablanca's moves agreed most with the the engine... but the chess they played 100 years ago was not nearly as dynamic so it was actually easier to do this.
What if he performs better than Garry? There are conversations about how great chess players from different eras would fair against one another, but unfortunately you can't settle those arguments by having, say, Capablanca sit across from Garry Kasparov and play a 12 game match. What I'm thinking is what if we used certain versions of chess engine software as a 'constant' to compare chess players over time? We could consider certain versions of programs as if they are people with a set level of play, who happen to be immortal.
Here's an example: Imagine if Magnus Carlsen played a 6 game match against the strongest engine (stockfish?) out there today, and won 4-2. 50 years later there's a new world champion with perhaps a higher ELO than Magnus ever had. If this new world champion took on the same 6 game match against the 2015 top engine, and lost, that could be valuable data to illustrate that perhaps despite the higher ELO rating he might still be weaker than Magnus.