What is it called?

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varelse1

I call it "tieing a piece down to defence" Is one of my favorite tactics to limit my opponents mobility.

hobyF

I like the "tied to defense" phrase.  That seems to sum it up well.  Sorry about no diagram.

Ricardo_Morro

In my own mind I have always referred to such a piece as being "fixed," "bound," or "tied" to a particular defense.

learningthemoves

Obviously from your point of view, as to what your task as the tactician is, the tactic is "remove the defender".

Find a piece or pawn to remove the defender from the square you need to attack or occupy for checkmate.

hobyF

Rather than removing the guard, my tactic was to develop another attack around the guard; which overloaded the Queen.