orangehonda : "GMs likely have a lot of experience and study in the type of position they're facing when they move a rook to an inexplicable square that turns out to be good 10-15 moves later."
I'll say that this is one of the ways you can identify/suspect a <2000 player who is cheating :))
now really.
Pretending pawns can't capture at all, the game would be very closed, bishops and knights would have to weave around the pawns and rooks would have a very hard time. If pawn chains became locked, they players might as well agree to a draw.
This is an example of locked pawn chains, notice the pawns are frozen in place.
But pawns can capture diagonally. Any time you advance a pawn against enemy pawns in an immobilized pawn chain, it's called a pawn break, short for pawn breakthrough. As mentioned above, this is important because it opens lines (files, diagonals) for your pieces, such as an open file for a rook. In a sense, it's the first step in "breaking through" to the enemy side.
This operation is common in many openings and can be used to equalize control in the center (1st diagram) or as part of an attack (2nd diagram).
The classic breaks in this type of pawn structure are on c5 and e5 for black. c5 is correct in this position, white can't advance the pawn, so this move is effective.
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In this game black wasn't able to advance his attacked e pawn for positional reasons, but this is a classic example of a pawn break on f5 in the sicilian opening lines for attackers.