The Queen's Gambit Accepted (1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4) is one of the oldest known chess openings. It is mentioned in the Göttingen manuscript of 1490 (picture of the first page here).
This is not a very popular opening (see popularity graph at http://chesstempo.com/gamedb/opening/1648), but it has been played by Kasparov and Anand against Kramnik in the early 21st century, and by Ponomariov recently against a range of opponents.