The Time Thief explained v2

FIDE castling, I agree, should be looked at as one move as a whole. This is because the player does not have any options to alter the move.

It is a different case for chu shogi. The lion has options after making its first one-step move. It can choose to move again or stay still. FIDE has no such analogous situation, so of course FIDE laws don't cover it. My argument is that if we bring in pieces from elsewhere with different dynamics, we should respect those different dynamics instead of defaulting to FIDE laws, since FIDE laws were not designed with those pieces in mind.

Fair enough. Still after giving this more thought, I still insist that with Time Thief versus Chu Lion, the entire move or turn of the Lion is considered , including both done steps, to define what the Time Thief can do to the Lion. 

The Board Painter has got a Time thief:

Evert823, you are Innovative, original and very intelligent.

Where does the Time Thief go in the starting setup?

How does castling work?

Can the TIme Thief move to the location that the enemy piece moved from WITHOUT capturing?

I'm afraid I don't understand the question.

Reading it literally the answer is yes. Of course why not? I just can't imagine a situation when that would be a good move.

The Bishop is the Time Thief. Does that move automatically capture the pawn, or can white decline to capture?

Yes you can decline capture. TT can do a normal move to a square if it wants to.

I've added a a paragraph for fairy piece interactions.

I've added one phrase for a particular Spirit - Time Thief - Dwarf scenario:

If the possessed piece was a Dwarf then the circumstantial double capture is still allowed whether or not the possessed Time Thief had an allied co-attacker.

Rule clarification

In this position, white to move, white plays Bxe4. The question now is: can the Time Thief respond with TTxg2?

Explanation: We must judge the position before white plays Bxe4. (This argument has also been given in post #7 of this thread.)

In the position before Bxe4, the Time Thief sees the white Bishop. That is because of the transparency abilities of the black Witch.

After Bxe4, this black Witch is eliminated, and the black Time Thief does no longer see square g2. Still, TTxg2 is a legal response. The Time Thief sees the white Bishop before Bxe4 is played, and that is what makes TTxg2 a legal response to Bxe4.

This situation and question were raised in the middle of this game: https://www.chess.com/clubs/forum/view/random-dog-tournament-round-1-match-evert823-v-marks1420?page=2