Rook (looks like a castle) moves up, down, left, and right, but only one at a time. It cannot move diagonally, but it can move any amount of squares it can. It cannot jump over pieces, and it attacks the same way it moves- any piece in a direct line from it can be killed by it.
Knight (looks like a horse) moves 2 squares in one direction and 1 in another. It can jump over pieces, and it can kill the pieces that are on squares where it can move. It is the only non-pawn piece that can move at the beginning of the game.
Bishop (third piece from the left/right) moves along diagonals. You start with a light-square and dark-square bishop, and you can’t change the color these bishops control. They act like diagonal rooks.
Queen (looks like a crown) can move and attack like both a rook and a bishop. It’s the most powerful piece.
King (also looks like a crown but more rounded) can move one square in any direction. If your opponent can attack it, you must find a way to stop the attack. If you cannot stop the attack no matter what you do, it is considered checkmate and you lose the game. You cannot move into a position where your king can be killed.
If pawns reach the opposite side of the board, they can be promoted to any piece other than a king. Commonly, it will be promoted to a queen, because again, it is the strongest piece.
The goal of the game is to checkmate your opponent.
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