Would it mean a definitive draw, white always wins, or something else?
Not quite; solving a game is more like determining which of those outcomes will happen with perfect play. Just determining that is called ultra-weak solving. Weak solving is knowing how to figure out (with an algorithm) all the moves involved in perfect play from the starting position. Strong solving is knowing how to figure out the perfect moves from any position.
The Wikipedia article is a good overview: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solved_game
What does chess solved mean? Would it mean a definitive draw, white always wins, or something else? I would appreciate your comments about this topic. Thanks!