2. "Tempo" is critical. Tempo refers to (as far as I could understand it) the idea of being "one move ahead of the opponent" all the time. Specifically, by way of example, I have moved a piece into a place that forces you to move, (because of a checkmate (or potential), or threat of loss of material or position). I now have "tempo", meaning I have you marching to MY command. If I put you in a situation that takes you two moves to get out of, and one that may cost you material or space, it GIVES me two moves to set up for the next punch, which should buy me time to set up the next attack, and so on.
9. White starts off with tempo, black must find a way to take over tempo if possible. My friend use to say "I just set up and defend (if black) and wait till white over extends itself, then take tempo and run from there" (paraphrasing -horribly).
You are describing initiative, not "tempo".
Try the following to see more of what tempo means:
Possibly related to this topic, does anyone know of any good books with simple 1-2 move tactics and mate in 1-2's aimed at beginner players?
Yeah I do,I work problems on Chesstempo every day and if you want to set it to "1 move" problems,I can show you how to do that but you have to buy an account first. My advice is to do it,you should be able to afford 35 bucks a year,that's not bad for a "gold" account there,it's worth it's weight in gold and I'm becoming much more tactically aware.
To me Chesstempo is better then books because you'll always get the problems at random and unless you cut up your book and make "flash cards" out of it,you'll always get the problems in the same order,which is fine,but not as good as getting the problems at random.
Your mind must be empty at first and then when you see a problem,you either recognize that pattern or you don't,that's better to me then,recognizing a problem because you know it's number 20 and you know that number 20 is going to be this or that. I mean that's alright but not as good as getting problems at random in my opinion at least.
As far as books is concerned, 4 time world women's Champion Susan Polgar has a good book on 1 move problems for beginners,it's called,
"A world champion's guide to chess: step by step instructions for winning chess the polgar way" ....
Yeah the title is long and it's BS,this book is just the beginning and she doesn't give you step by step instructions,she just gives you a bunch of really easy 1 move tactics to solve,so you can start there. Also her father wrote a book that chess players called the "brick",it has like 4000 something problems in it,but it's mainly mate problems but the first 306 are recommended for beginners because they are mate in 1s,the rest are mate in 2. I just don't like the way the answers are given in this book.
I know a few other good "beginner" books if you're interested,but that's good enough for right now I think. If you don't know where to buy them or can't find them at your local book store,then remember, amazon is your best friend lol.