I do know about that,but in this position white has the correct bishop.
"I can't believe it's not winning!"

#23 - ABSOLUTELY! It's a known book scenario or Wrong Color Bishop and Rook Pawn. There's a simple rule to that. If the defending King can get to the corner, DRAW! If not, LOSS!
NOTE: Your diagram doesn't display, so I assume you mean the 2nd position in message #2.

If the defending King can get to the corner
http://www.chess.com/forum/view/endgames/even-the-simplest-of-endgames-can-be-tricky
Key idea.

What is pretty sad?
That you deleted your comment. I was technically bumping the thread too.

@Randomemory: First position is not so surprising, all you need to know to see it quickly is that the following position is a draw:
with WHITE TO MOVE it's a draw - Black to move loses
@Randomemory: First position is not so surprising, all you need to know to see it quickly is that the following position is a draw:
with WHITE TO MOVE it's a draw - Black to move loses
Yes, that't why I posted it with White to move

Intuitively I thought the first diagram was winning for white as well.
@ThrillerFan: I learned the hard way, even after understanding the fact (albeit clearly not well enough), that outside passed Pawns are stronger than protected passed Pawns
I'm not sure you understand the position he posted then. This may blow your mind. Let's make the pawn even more of an outside passer. Who do you think wins now? (White to move)

If white moves, he wins in two steps:
1. he grabs the black a-pawn, starting with Ke3.
2. his king returns to his pawn chain; a Zugzwang will help to win the other black pawn.
Black cannot hinder this plan, because, if the black king tries to take e4 during step 1, with Kg5-f4, white wins with f5-f6.
--------------
On the other hand, if Black moves, he wins with a4 (the white king is outside the square a1-d1-d4-a4 of the black a-pawn).
In general, there is no 'rule' that an isolated a- or h- pawn + king would be stronger than a defended passed pawn + king. Because such rule has too many exceptions (equal material assumed).
More precisely, if the king of the side with the defended passed pawn controls the square of coronation - as in the above situation - then he will usually win, the main details being that a defended passed pawn can be left alone - the enemy king is unable to win him take him - but the ISOLATED a- or h-pawn CANNOT be left alone - otherwise the enemy king will eat him.

If white moves, he wins in two steps:
1. he grabs the black a-pawn, starting with Ke3.
2. his king returns to his pawn chain; a Zugzwang will help to win the other black pawn.
Black cannot hinder this plan, because, if the black king tries to take e4 during step 1, with Kg5-f4, white wins with f5-f6.
--------------
On the other hand, if Black moves, he wins with a4 (the white king is outside the square a1-d1-d4-a4 of the black a-pawn).
In general, there is no 'rule' that an isolated a- or h- pawn + king would be stronger than a defended passed pawn + king. Because such rule has too many exceptions (equal material assumed).
More precisely, if the king of the side with the defended passed pawn controls the square of coronation - as in the above situation - then he will usually win, the main details being that a defended passed pawn can be left alone - the enemy king is unable to win him take him - but the ISOLATED a- or h-pawn CANNOT be left alone - otherwise the enemy king will eat him.
Exactly! :D

Here is a curious case that I came up with.
Can you determine which of the two is winning, and which is drawing? Notice that all I did was slide the 1st board over one column to make the 2nd position appear. Once you understand why which one is the draw, and which one is the win, you'll be like it's so obvious.

in both cases, white wins, no matter who moves first.
The argumentation is the same as in my post 36.
One DOES NOT NEED TO CHECK VARIANTS.
In the second position, are you 100% sure that only a draw is possible?
I have a couple of examples where the wrong bishop color with the h-pawn still wins. If you are interested, then I will post them here perhaps.