I think he retains his previous rating, though I would have to dig deeper to verify. That said, for the candidates cycle he would have to play in specific events and play a minimum number of Standard games (not blitz or rapid) to qualify by rating: http://www.fide.com/FIDE/handbook/regscandidates2018.pdf (bold by me)
Unretirement and FIDE regulations (plus a question about Garry Kasparov's retirement)


Thanks.
Regarding the reply to my first question - it's plain and simple.
As for the second question - I get it, and I like it. I don't like that you need to participate in either GCT (which consists of all 3 time controls) or make it to the end of the World Cup in order to get a chance (apart from the rating) to compete in the candidates to determine the standard time control only challenger.
Rapid and blitz are great (although I'm more inclined towards rapid because it's much more broadcast friendly - easier to follow), but in my opinion there should be three separate competitions every year, with a series of tournaments each, and each in their own separate time control. It would give the players who may want to specialize in a specific time control an opportunity to shine.
Finally, I think there should be a standardized way to determine the challenger and the world championship itself for all three time controls.

The Rapid and Blitz championships are decided based on a specific tournament result. It is standardized and if a player wanted to specialize they can.
As to classical, there have been a number of different methods to determine the challenger. I'm not sure there is a perfect method.

If he meets the requirements he could but would require him playing standard rated chess and qualifying

Not really. You qualify by winning the World Cup (Garry is not participating) Having the most FIDE grand prix points (Garry hasn't been playing in those obviously) or by having the highest rating (they take an average over the last year or two, something like that, obviously Garry has no active rating). Even the wildcard, (organizer's choice) has to be an active player.
Since super tourneys are invite only, and invites go out months in advance, I don't even think if he came out of retirement today that he'd have the chance.
Also, objectively, he's likely not a top 10 player. His age would make him not only the oldest top 10 player, but the oldest person over 2700, and he's been retired for over 10 years, so it's just not reasonable to assume he'd perform well against the world's best.

Not only is Vishy the oldest player in the top 10, he's 7 years younger than Kasparov and has been playing (and preparing) for top level tournaments and matches all the years Kasparov has been retired running for office, giving speeches, writing books, etc.
Anand was also destroyed by Carlsen in two WCC matches. So Vishy as a top 10 player? Sure. As a world champ? No.
Questions:
1. What happens to FIDE ratings when a player unretires? Say if he had 2812 FIDE on the day he retired - will he get his old rating back? Could he compete in the candidates if that's the case (qualifying by his ranking)?
2. I can't find Garry's rapid or blitz rating anywhere. Does anyone have any information on this (at the time of his retirement or around that time)?