@Optimissed
Have you read (in translation) anything by Krogius?
He was both a GM (18th in the world, at one point) and a professional psychologist.
EDIT: Reuben Fine was also a top-ranking GM (made it as high as an invitation to the 1948 Candidates Tournament, which he declined) and professional psychologist.
The patterns in chess perhaps have more in common with a painting.
I've always thought so. Marcel Duchamp became interested in chess in his mid-20s and despite that late start became a strong enough player to play alongside Alekhine on the French national team, become champion of Normandy, champion of Paris, and correspondence champion of Europe. Ratings weren't introduced until he was past sixty, but he did achieve a US Chess Federation rating of 2413. Undoubtedly his visualization abilities played a large part. His friend Man Ray was also on the French national team, but the captains didn't let him play very often as he would sometimes make moves that created a visually pleasing pattern but made no chess sense.