The first 24 moves are not the problem. But missing a free Queen is. If you take opportunity of such chances your rating will rise.
And why did the game end after 24 moves? Whether you resigned when you saw your mistake or lost on time, then this is the biggest mistake of this game.
To improve your chess significantly, watch YT channel Chess Vibes. It will help with your chess significantly. Also some questions to you about your game: 1) moves 10,11, why didn't you take the opponent's pawn on g5? 2) move 15, why didn't you take the opponent's pawn on f3? According to Stockfish, taking those pawns would have given you a huge advantage
Second one was an equal trade. Still I don't understand why that should be the best move. And can't find the first one you mentioned.
For one thing, you missed a pawn after 10 e3? Qxg5 takes a juicer for nothing and you are attacking both the e3 and e5 pawns at the same time, so White trying to play Nh3? or f4? is useless.
after 4 Bf4, the attacking move 4 Qb6 is quite nice. 5 Na4 Qa5+ 6 Nc3 Nbd7 gets white nowhere fast (Black can also choose the dynamic 6...c5 7 e4 Nc6, but this is messy and confusing, but verify it with an engine--Black still has a small advantage, since he has to deal with the d4 square and the c3 pin), and 5 Rb1 allows you to develop nicely with 5...Nbd7, and already black is better. Black is threatening the very desirable 6...Nh5, and the move you may have been afraid of: 6 e4?! allows Black to take over the central dark squares with 6...dxe4 7 fxe4 e5!! 8 Be3 Bd6 (the bishop on e3 is unprotected) 9 Nf3 castles, and White has a miserable game.
However we need to go back to the third move 3 f3?! The normal move order for a (weak) system like this is 3 Bf4 c6 or ...e6. 3...e6 is good because now the move 4 f3 is terrible since Black's f8 bishop is already free: 4...c5! 5 Nb5 question mark 6 Nc3 cxd4 7 Qxd4 Nc6, or 6...Nc6(!) 7 e3 Nh5 8 Bg3 Nxg3 followed by ....cxd4 10 exd4 Ba3!! and Black is almost -3.00 up in position points.
But back to 3 f3?!.
This move is just bad here also.
The correct counter is 3...c5 (3...e6 4 e4?! c5! 5 e3? cxd4 6 exf6? dxc3 is awful for White).
The passive 4 e3 is met by 4...Nc6 followed by 5...e6, and the more "consistent" 4 e4 is met by 4 e6, where again 5 e5?! is weak because of ...cxd4.
White's problem is that the knight on c3 is misplaced and is blocking his c-pawn. White can't protect his center, and with that pawn on f3 in combination with Nc3, when black plays ...cxd4, White has to capture with his queen, allowing a time gaining ...Nc6 tempo and White falls behind in development.
Nc3 is playable on move 2 here, but it doesn't work very well with 3 f3 at all.
The main line involving an early f2-f3 is 1 d4 d5 2 Nc3 Nf6 3 Bg5 Nbd7 (to recapture) 4 f3 c6 5 e4 dxe4 6 fxe4 e5! (fighting for the dark squares) 7 Nf3 h6!, and White is already worse.
I am currently on a 9 game losing streak. And another 12 game losing streak ended just before that. And after this, I think I should stop now. I have very little idea what's wrong. Someone please tell me specifically what I can do to really improve rather than hitting the play button to lose every 3 out of 5 if not more.
Here, there are two problems. Till move 24, I didn't know what was going wrong, or if anything is going wrong at all. But I was already in a weak position by then.
Then in move 24 my opponent (white) blundered queen. And I missed that. Because I simply forgot my queen was there.
Now both of them are problems. Even if I pick these blunders, not everyone will make them. So I need to know what was the problem till move 24. By now I am under the impression that I am not simply good enough . The games I win, I win only because my opponents play below average. What can I do now? What to know? How to know? In a word, how can I improve if it is really possible at all.