Orthodox Jews devoting themselves to Judiasm wouldn't have time to be exclusively chess players. It was the Jew out in the world who pursued chess in order to sharpen his wits, were he Jew in intent more than practice!?
However, I recently heard that during the long 24 hours of sabbath, the men were allowed to play chess even in the synagogue as long as they didn't disrupt the service.
Of course, the title of this forum is provocative (not meant to be true, but to attract visitors).
No other board game is so international as Chess. (same as for soccer: no other team game is that international).