Spacetime is a notion dependent on a belief, that space can be thought of as a "fabric", bending and curving as objects pass through it, effecting the behavior of the object. In a similar sense, the same can be said of the notion for the existence of an aether.
No. The difference could not be more crucial.
The aether hypothesis leads to false predictions - eg that the speed of light should vary with the motion of the observer. By contrast, no prediction of general relativity has been demonstrated to be false.
Spacetime is a notion dependent on a belief, that space can be thought of as a "fabric", bending and curving as objects pass through it, effecting the behavior of the object. In a similar sense, the same can be said of the notion for the existence of an aether.