There is a new Dog on the loose, called Mathematica.
Does True Randomness Actually Exist? ( ^&*#^%$&#% )
As far as I know, that is an old software system for doing mathematics. Used it many years ago.
(Just checking - it is in its 32nd year now!)
so if the lines are drawn inward, how is it that light bends around an object?>>
It doesn't really do so. A "light wave" heading straight for a massive object will hit it unless its deflected due to a collision with some other entity.
A light wave travelling obliquely to the centre of mass of an object, however, will be deflected towards the centre of mass of the object, due to a force proportional to the inverse square of the distance, so it'll deflect towards a straight line projected between the centre of mass and the photon and therefore tend to curve around the object.
So what is your definition of the "force" on a photon, and what is your calculation that gives its change in direction?
(Genuine questions, because I have not seen this use of the term "force"). The fact I recall is that if you use a Newtonian calculation, you predict half as much bending as actually takes place. This fact is a handy way to do a quick calculation. Eg see this discussion: http://web.mit.edu/6.055/old/S2009/notes/bending-of-light.pdf This factor of 2 was one of the crucial tests of general relativity in the early 20th century).
If Newtonian physics predicts less bending than happens then it is likely that the entity (photon) has different properties than is assumed in regard to its interaction with gravity. However, the explanation I gave is correct in general terms so why are you so keen to criticise?
Since any acceleration is assumed to be the result of a force which causes it then it can be assumed that a force is present. Instead it might be assumed that the topography of space or space-time alters or distorts as a means of transmitting what we interpret as force and which has the same effect in causing a deviation of the path of the photon, which is interpreted as acceleration even though the photon is following the path of least resistance along the contours.
I made that up off the top of my rather tired head but it was only an attempt to convey the fact that I think that the distortion of space caused by mass is only an easy way of depicting forces and their directions. It isn't a literal thing but the topography is the same so the maths works.
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the concepts of time and three-dimensional space regarded as fused in a four-dimensional continuum.
This concept has been at the core for much of current theory (gravity) and beliefs.
But is it the correct one ... is something missing ?
If Newtonian physics predicts less bending than happens then it is likely that the entity (photon) has different properties than is assumed in regard to its interaction with gravity.
The properties of a photon are its energy, momentum and velocity. These are what they are, so it is more that Newtonian physics just doesn't work for photons.
The path of a photon or any other particle in general relativity is the analog of a straight line (called a "geodesic"). The way space and time are part of the same thing means the actual geodesic depends on the speed (unlike classical geodesics on the spherical surface of the Earth. These are great circles regardless of the speed you are going, because space and time are separate).
However, the explanation I gave is correct in general terms so why are you so keen to criticise?
Read my post again to see I asked questions of you, stated an important fact and linked some relevant information. While criticism is not necessarily bad, I happened not to criticise at all.
"My habit is to reserve red for when all other colours that contrast well with those used have already been used. That was the case here."
LOL
Yeah, more likely a low hanging fruit in a created/controlled matrix. Laughing behind the scenes because the next several moves here can be predicted with a ninety percent plus ratio.
If Newtonian physics predicts less bending than happens then it is likely that the entity (photon) has different properties than is assumed in regard to its interaction with gravity.
The properties of a photon are its energy, momentum and velocity. These are what they are, so it is more that Newtonian physics just doesn't work for photons.
The path of a photon or any other particle in general relativity is the analog of a straight line (called a "geodesic"). The way space and time are part of the same thing means the actual geodesic depends on the speed (unlike classical geodesics on the spherical surface of the Earth. These are great circles regardless of the speed you are going, because space and time are separate).
However, the explanation I gave is correct in general terms so why are you so keen to criticise?
Read my post again to see I asked questions of you, stated an important fact and linked some relevant information. While criticism is not necessarily bad, I happened not to criticise at all.
If you get a bit of space and chuck a pebble into it, the pebble will be a small, moving, massive object. Qualitatively, are there any differences between what happens here and the interaction of, say, a large star and a photon, both which can be assumed to have been randomly chucked there? This means that the "curvature of space" is just a means to DEPICT the effects of gravity. We have no reason to assume it's real but, as usual, the mathematicians take their own metaphors literally.
<<<The properties of a photon are its energy, momentum and velocity. These are what they are, so it is more that Newtonian physics just doesn't work for photons.>>>
Of course it does, insofar as it works for the momentum. Since momentum is a product of mass and speed, I think you should have written "mass, energy, position and velocity". It's accepted that not all of these can be "knowns" at any one time.
I'm quite prepared to think that energy itself might well affect the result. Off the top of my head, it could be that energy imparts a "stickyness" in a similar fashion to the way some blind people can differentiate between colours due to how sticky they feel: the stickiness being a function of colour and therefore of energy. There was a fair bit of experimentation done on that, I think in the 60s.
<<<I have had a problem on a physics site with one narrow-minded person in a position of influence, who seems to spend most of his time regurgitating basic physics on the net but who appears unable to intelligently discuss physics that is not yet set in stone. My response, don't waste time where there are such people.>>>
You're saying that you also had that experience? Obviously, at the time it was a learning curve for me. I realised what was happening. I used to visit various online sites often two or three dedicated to a mparticular subject at a time. First it was sites dedicated to discussions of atheism and theism. Most of these people, of both persuasions, spend their time howling at each other. Then it was political sites with especial reference to the Tibet-China problem. A lot of these people hack each other and generally act badly. Then, it was high IQ sites, starting with Mensa and progressing through various others up to the ceiling presented by requirements to sit their tests or show evidence. The rivalry and dislike between groups dedicated to different IQ levels was laughable and basically the sites were full, of nutters, often pretending to be something they weren't. That takes us to about ten years ago, when I joined several physics sites. In general, they are populated by idiots who are manipulated by others. After that, sites dedicated to people like Gurdjieff. And so on up to about five years ago, after which I thought I'd learned what I wanted to learn about online behaviour.
If Newtonian physics predicts less bending than happens then it is likely that the entity (photon) has different properties than is assumed in regard to its interaction with gravity.
The properties of a photon are its energy, momentum and velocity. These are what they are, so it is more that Newtonian physics just doesn't work for photons.
The path of a photon or any other particle in general relativity is the analog of a straight line (called a "geodesic"). The way space and time are part of the same thing means the actual geodesic depends on the speed (unlike classical geodesics on the spherical surface of the Earth. These are great circles regardless of the speed you are going, because space and time are separate).
However, the explanation I gave is correct in general terms so why are you so keen to criticise?
Read my post again to see I asked questions of you, stated an important fact and linked some relevant information. While criticism is not necessarily bad, I happened not to criticise at all.
If you get a bit of space and chuck a pebble into it, the pebble will be a small, moving, massive object. Qualitatively, are there any differences between what happens here and the interaction of, say, a large star and a photon, both which can be assumed to have been randomly chucked there?
Yes, several crucial differences.
This means that the "curvature of space" is just a means to DEPICT the effects of gravity. We have no reason to assume it's real but, as usual, the mathematicians take their own metaphors literally.
So, a false statement "means" another statement is true. You know enough logic to know now that even if the inference was valid, the conclusion wouldn't be.
The reason physicists use the models they do is that they are the best known models. If you had produced a better one that would put you in a position to disagree with them. Note also the only meaning of "real" for a model in physics is if its predictions are correct. General relativity (with a positive cosmological constant) is currently consistent with all experimental data.
<<<The properties of a photon are its energy, momentum and velocity. These are what they are, so it is more that Newtonian physics just doesn't work for photons.>>>
Of course it does, insofar as it works for the momentum.
Newton's laws are approximately true in a relativistic context. Not exactly true. There is local conservation of momentum, but this can't be made global in the way it can in Newtonian physics.
Since momentum is a product of mass and speed,
No it isn't. Photons have zero mass.
I think you should have written "mass, energy, position and velocity".
See above.
It's accepted that not all of these can be "knowns" at any one time.
This is true. But position does not affect momentum in flat space-time, and you can know the others.
I'm quite prepared to think that energy itself might well affect the result. Off the top of my head, it could be that energy imparts a "stickyness" in a similar fashion to the way some blind people can differentiate between colours due to how sticky they feel: the stickiness being a function of colour and therefore of energy. There was a fair bit of experimentation done on that, I think in the 60s.
You are mistakenly guessing a lot with the incorrect idea that this would be more reliable than learning what is known. Ignoring tested knowledge (models that work) is an error.
<<<I have had a problem on a physics site with one narrow-minded person in a position of influence, who seems to spend most of his time regurgitating basic physics on the net but who appears unable to intelligently discuss physics that is not yet set in stone. My response, don't waste time where there are such people.>>>
You're saying that you also had that experience? Obviously, at the time it was a learning curve for me. I realised what was happening. I used to visit various online sites often two or three dedicated to a mparticular subject at a time. First it was sites dedicated to discussions of atheism and theism. Most of these people, of both persuasions, spend their time howling at each other. Then it was political sites with especial reference to the Tibet-China problem. A lot of these people hack each other and generally act badly. Then, it was high IQ sites, starting with Mensa and progressing through various others up to the ceiling presented by requirements to sit their tests or show evidence. The rivalry and dislike between groups dedicated to different IQ levels was laughable and basically the sites were full, of nutters, often pretending to be something they weren't. That takes us to about ten years ago, when I joined several physics sites. In general, they are populated by idiots who are manipulated by others. After that, sites dedicated to people like Gurdjieff. And so on up to about five years ago, after which I thought I'd learned what I wanted to learn about online behaviour.
In truth, neither of us are in a great position to discuss the bleeding edge boundaries of physics. This is a job for full-time professionals, and we are part time spectators. Neither are we in a position to unilaterally reject areas of knowledge which experts generally accept.
All you are doing is repeating that the experts know best. They might well be experts on elephants' toenails but they aren't tall enough to see the whole elephant and they don't live long enough to walk halfway round it.
It is generally accepted by them that they work within a paradigm that accepts the BBT which is itself contrary to the logic that initially devised and propagated BBT. You call them experts but it would benefit them better if they were not. What about the proposal that cosmology attracts second class PhDs in any case, similarly to the way that second class people are attracted to cognitive science because it isn't a hard science either? Less than ten years ago, scientists were being fired for criticising the Big Bang. The evidence is incontrovertible that they are on a gravy train for life. It even pays them if they don't find any answers.
Make them all middle and junior managers in baked beans factories.



Geezz..... Elroch, all that copy'/paste just to add a silly comment?
Ten comments actually. None of them "silly".
You seem to think of the thread as a school room, with red lining, colored pencils, grades being handed out along with the obligatory pointing out the right and wrong way to think.
My habit is to reserve red for when all other colours that contrast well with those used have already been used. That was the case here.
I almost included a note to this effect, but I thought it was pretty obvious.
I thought your comment was silly, myself. Indicative of a total denial and refusal to take criticism on board, which has the effect of closing ranks. The problem is that you all say yes to each other and the result of that is that no-one thinks particularly well. You're all scared to think for yourselves.